Different expression of GSK3β and pS9GSK3β depending on phenotype of cervical cancer: possible association of GSK3β with squamous cell carcinoma and pS9GSK3β with adenocarcinoma

Abstract

Objective This study aimed to analyze the expression pattern of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) and its phosphorylated forms, GSK3β phosphorylated at Ser9 (pS9GSK3β), and GSK3β phosphorylated at Tyr216 (pY216GSK3β), in cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma (AC). Methods We performed immunohistochemical staining for GSK3β, pS9GSK3β, and pY216GSK3β in 64 SCC and 20 AC cases and compared their expression patterns between the 2 tumor types. Results Increased GSK3β and pS9GSK3β expression but decreased pY216GSK3β expression compared with that in the normal cervix were observed in both SCC and AC specimens. Specifically, the levels of GSK3β and pS9GSK3β were significantly increased in SCC and AC, respectively. GSK3β was localized in the nucleus and/or cytoplasm of SCC and AC cells. However, pS9GSK3β was predominantly localized in the membrane of AC cells, whereas it was present in the nucleus and/or cytoplasm of SCC cells. Conclusion The results suggest that the phosphorylation status of GSK3β changes during cervical cancer development and the different expression levels and patterns of GSK3β and pS9GSK3β are associated with the specific histologic phenotype of cervical cancer.

Immunogenomic Identification for Predicting the Prognosis of Cervical Cancer Patients

“…There are approximately 527,000 new cases of cervical cancer and 265,000 related deaths annually [ 2 ]. Among all pathological types of cervical cancer, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma account for 80–85% and 15–20%, respectively [ 3 ]. Presently, although the development of surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy, the rates of recurrence and metastasis in patients with late-stage cervical cancer are still up to 40.3% and 31%, respectively [ 4 ].…”

Nuclear receptor corepressor (NCoR) is a positive prognosticator for cervical cancer

“…In the developed world screening for cervical cancer including cervical cytology, human papillomavirus (HPV) or both as well as HPV vaccination has strongly reduced the incidence of cervical cancer [2]. The two main types of cervical cancer are squamous cell cervical cancer comprising 80-85% and adenocarcinoma comprising 15-20% [3,4].…”