Different methods of grafting and activity of antioxidant enzymes in tomato

Abstract

Mechanical injuries caused during grafting can induce oxidative stress, causing deleterious effects on the cells. This study aimed to evaluate the damage caused by grafting methods in tomato plants by assessing the enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase and assessing phenol content. Three grafting methods were applied to the 'Guardião' ® rootstock (bevel contact, cleft and approach grafting), as well as the 'Pizzadoro' ® tomato free-standing plant and five sampling periods (0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 days after grafting). The grafting methods employed did not induce changes in catalase activities. There was alteration in peroxidase activity in response to bevel contact and cleft grafting. Plants showed higher polyphenol oxidase activity after 12 days of grafting in all grafting methods. Total content of phenols in grafted plants did not differ from the free-standing. The results suggest compatibility between rootstock and graft. The survival rate indicates that the methods employed were appropriate. The most recommended grafting methods for tomato are bevel contact and cleft grafting, depending on the survival rate.Key words: phenolic compounds, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, Solanum lycopersicum, superoxide dismutase Diferentes métodos de enxertia e atividade de enzimas antioxidantes em tomateiro RESUMOAs injúrias mecânicas causadas durante a enxertia podem induzir estresse oxidativo, causando efeito deletério às células. Este estudo objetivou avaliar os danos causados por métodos de enxertia em tomateiro, através da atividade das enzimas superóxido dismutase, catalase, peroxidase e polifenoloxidase e o teor de fenóis. Utilizaram-se três métodos de enxertia sobre o porta-enxerto 'Guardião' ® (contato em bisel, fenda garfagem e encostia), além do pé-franco do tomateiro 'Pizzadoro' ® e cinco épocas de amostragem (0, 3, 6, 9 e 12 dias após a enxertia). Os métodos de enxertia empregados não induziram alterações nas atividades da catalase. Houve alteração na atividade da peroxidase em resposta aos métodos contato em bisel e fenda garfagem. Em todos os métodos de enxertia, as plantas apresentaram maiores atividades da polifenol oxidase após 12 dias da enxertia. O conteúdo de fenóis totais nas plantas enxertadas não diferenciou do pé-franco. Os resultados sugerem compatibilidade entre porta-enxerto e enxerto. A taxa de sobrevivência indica que os métodos empregados, foram apropriados. Os métodos de enxertia mais recomendados para tomateiro são contato em bisel e fenda garfagem, em função da taxa de sobrevivência encontrada.Palavras-chave: compostos fenólicos, peroxidase, polifenol oxidase, Solanum lycopersicum, superóxido dismutase 1 Instituto Federal do Acre, Rua Coronel Alexandrino, 235, Bosque, CEP 69900-697, Rio Branco-AC, Brasil.

Comparative Physiological and Biochemical Mechanisms in Di, Tri, and Tetraploid Watermelon (<em>Citrullus lanatus</em> L.) Grafted by Branches

“…Higher enzymatic activities and accumulation of phenolic compounds are typically associated with plant stress resistance [85]. Phenols contribute to the elimination of reactive oxygen species (ROS) [86]. In our results, the content of phenols was higher in…”

Comparative Physiological and Biochemical Mechanisms in Di, Tri, and Tetraploid Watermelon (<em>Citrullus lanatus</em> L.) Grafted by Branches

“…Higher enzymatic activities and accumulation of phenolic compounds are typically associated with plant stress resistance [85]. Phenols contribute to the elimination of reactive oxygen species (ROS) [86]. In our results, the content of phenols was higher in Tetra than Di and Tri in all stages, but because of the accumulation of phenols leads to incompatibility [31,32], a higher decrease in phenol contents were observed at later stages of grafting (15 DAG) (Figure 7).…”

Long-Lasting Graft Union Compatibility Enigma Explained by Comparative Physiological and Biochemical Mechanisms in Di, Tri, and Tetraploid Watermelon (<em>Citrullus lanatus</em> L.) Grafted by Branches

“…Higher enzymatic activities and accumulation of phenolic compounds are typically associated with plant stress resistance [77]. Phenols contribute to the elimination of reactive oxygen species (ROS) [78]. In our results, the content of phenols was higher in Tetra than Di and Tri in all stages, but because the accumulation of phenols leads to incompatibility [25,26], a higher decrease in phenol contents were observed at later stages of grafting (15 DAG) ( Figure 7).…”