A determinação do teor relativo de clorofila por meio do clorofilômetro é utilizada para predizer a necessidade de adubação nitrogenada visando incrementar a produção em várias culturas. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar a resposta de doses de nitrogênio adicionadas ao solo via fertirrigação na produção de rabanete e a relação de clorofila com o teor de nitrogênio foliar da cultivar Redondo Vermelho. O delineamento experimental foram blocos casualizados, com cinco tratamentos (0; 30; 60; 120; 240 kg N ha -1 ) , cinco repetições, com dois vasos por parcela contendo quatro plantas em cada vaso, sendo duas úteis. Foram avaliados o diâmetro transversal da raiz, área foliar, índice de cor verde, teor de N foliar, a produção da parte aérea; número de raízes comerciais e não comerciais; massa de raízes total e comercial. As doses de N não interferiram na produção do rabanete e as leituras efetuadas com medidor portátil de clorofila não são muito precisas na verificação do nível de N no desenvolvimento da planta de rabanete. UNITERMOS: Raphanus sativus, adubação nitrogenada, clorofilômetro. QUADROS, B.R.; SILVA, E.S.; BORGES, L.S.; MOREIRA, C.A.; MORO, A.L.; VILLAS BÔAS, R.L. NITROGEN LEVELS ON FERTIGATED RADISH PRODUCTION AND CHLOROPHYLL DETERMINATION BY LEAVES PORTABLE METER ABSTRACTThe relative chlorophyll determination is used to predict the need for nitrogen fertilization aiming to increase production in various cultures. The objective of this study was to evaluate the soil nitrogen dose response added to the soil via fertigation in radish production and the relation between chlorophyll and cultivar Redondo Vermelho leaf nitrogen content. Transverse diameter of root, leaf area, green index, leaf N contents, shoots (stem) production, number of commercial and noncommercial roots, and the total commercial mass roots were evaluated. The N doses didn't interfere in the radish production and the readings taken with portable chlorophyll meter are not very accurate in ascertaining the level of N on radish plant growth.
Mechanical injuries caused during grafting can induce oxidative stress, causing deleterious effects on the cells. This study aimed to evaluate the damage caused by grafting methods in tomato plants by assessing the enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase and assessing phenol content. Three grafting methods were applied to the 'Guardião' ® rootstock (bevel contact, cleft and approach grafting), as well as the 'Pizzadoro' ® tomato free-standing plant and five sampling periods (0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 days after grafting). The grafting methods employed did not induce changes in catalase activities. There was alteration in peroxidase activity in response to bevel contact and cleft grafting. Plants showed higher polyphenol oxidase activity after 12 days of grafting in all grafting methods. Total content of phenols in grafted plants did not differ from the free-standing. The results suggest compatibility between rootstock and graft. The survival rate indicates that the methods employed were appropriate. The most recommended grafting methods for tomato are bevel contact and cleft grafting, depending on the survival rate.Key words: phenolic compounds, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, Solanum lycopersicum, superoxide dismutase Diferentes métodos de enxertia e atividade de enzimas antioxidantes em tomateiro RESUMOAs injúrias mecânicas causadas durante a enxertia podem induzir estresse oxidativo, causando efeito deletério às células. Este estudo objetivou avaliar os danos causados por métodos de enxertia em tomateiro, através da atividade das enzimas superóxido dismutase, catalase, peroxidase e polifenoloxidase e o teor de fenóis. Utilizaram-se três métodos de enxertia sobre o porta-enxerto 'Guardião' ® (contato em bisel, fenda garfagem e encostia), além do pé-franco do tomateiro 'Pizzadoro' ® e cinco épocas de amostragem (0, 3, 6, 9 e 12 dias após a enxertia). Os métodos de enxertia empregados não induziram alterações nas atividades da catalase. Houve alteração na atividade da peroxidase em resposta aos métodos contato em bisel e fenda garfagem. Em todos os métodos de enxertia, as plantas apresentaram maiores atividades da polifenol oxidase após 12 dias da enxertia. O conteúdo de fenóis totais nas plantas enxertadas não diferenciou do pé-franco. Os resultados sugerem compatibilidade entre porta-enxerto e enxerto. A taxa de sobrevivência indica que os métodos empregados, foram apropriados. Os métodos de enxertia mais recomendados para tomateiro são contato em bisel e fenda garfagem, em função da taxa de sobrevivência encontrada.Palavras-chave: compostos fenólicos, peroxidase, polifenol oxidase, Solanum lycopersicum, superóxido dismutase 1 Instituto Federal do Acre, Rua Coronel Alexandrino, 235, Bosque, CEP 69900-697, Rio Branco-AC, Brasil.
survive in plant debris in the soil. This alternative was also proven by Ito et al. (4), who tested several rootstocks and concluded that Benincasa hispida was highly resistant to D. bryoniae and most recommended as rootstock for net melon.Another alternative to control diseases in plants has been mineral nutrition preparation; however, the interaction between nutrition and diseases has been scarcely studied, frequently yielding contradictory results or misinterpretations. On the other hand, the importance of nutrition on the manifestation or not of diseases is well known (13). The effect of nutrition on the intensity of diseases is known for a certain number of plants cultivated under controlled condition, but there are few studies related to the melon culture, especially the net type.This study aimed to assess net melon resistance to D. bryoniae according to grafting and potassium levels.One of the most important diseases affecting net melon (Cucumis melo var. reticulates Naud.) in protected environment is gummy stem blight or stem canker, which is caused by the fungus Didymella bryoniae (12). Chemical control has frequently shown low efficiency; however, some alternatives have been successful, such as grafting onto rootstocks of resistant melons, disinfection of pruning shears, establishment of the protected environment in places other than lowlands, crop rotation, and rational irrigation control (2, 10, 12 and 15).The use of grafting for vegetables such as pepper, tomato, eggplant, cucumber and melon cultures has allowed the solution of problems related to soil pathogens. According to and Crino et al. (3), this technique can be an alternative to control the fungus D. bryoniae, which is not considered a soil plant but can O controle químico do fungo Didymella bryoniae, agente causal da doença crestamento gomoso em meloeiro, frequentemente é ineficiente, e alternativas como enxertia e nutrição devem ser estudadas. Portaenxertos e concentrações de potássio foram testadas objetivando controlar a doença esta doença em meloeiro rendilhado, sob ambiente protegido. O híbrido de meloeiro 'Bônus II' pé-franco e enxertado em porta-enxertos melão 'Dinero' e abóbora 'Strong Tosa' foram cultivados Silva, E.S.; Palangana, F.C.; Goto, R.; Furtado, E.L.; Fernandes, D.M. Resistência de meloeiro rendilhado à Didymella bryoniae em função da enxertia e concentrações de potássio. Summa Phytopathologica, v.38, n.2, p.139-143, 2012. e inoculados pelo método de inserção de palito com discos de micélio de 7 mm do isolado de D. bryoniae Dbr 37, e o controle somente com inserção do palito. As plantas foram submetidas às concentrações de potássio 0; 62,5; 125; 187,5; 250 mg L -1 . Plantas de meloeiro 'Bônus II' enxertadas foram resistentes ao fungo e as não enxertadas suscetíveis. As concentrações de potássio não influenciaram tanto no tamanho da lesão no caule quanto na sobrevivência das plantas.Silva, E.S.; Palangana, F.C.; Goto, R.; Furtado, E.L.; Fernandes, D.M. Net melon resistance to Didymella bryoniae according to grafting an...
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