Different protective capability of chlorogenic acid and quercetin against indomethacin-induced gastrointestinal ulceration

Abstract

Objectives The study compared the protective effects against indomethacin-induced GI ulceration of chlorogenic acid with quercetin in rats. Methods Rats were orally given chlorogenic acid or quercetin (100 mg/kg; 5 days), followed by indomethacin (40 mg/kg; single dose). After 24 h, GI tissues were assessed for histopathological damages, then analysed by ELISA and western blot methods. Cell viability was measured in vitro by MTT assay. Key findings Unlike quercetin, chlorogenic acid could not prevent gastric ulcers in indomethacin-treated rats. The levels of gastric prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in the chlorogenic acid-treated group were not different from those receiving indomethacin alone. Nevertheless, both compounds alleviated jejunum ulcers through suppression of PERK/eIF-2/ATF-4/CHOP-related endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and decrease Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Moreover, at 100 µM, they abolished the cytotoxicity of tunicamycin (an ER stress inducer) in gastric (AGS) and intestinal (Caco-2) cells. In silico docking studies suggested that both compounds could interact with key amino acid residues in the ­catalytic domain of PERK. Conclusion Chlorogenic acid and quercetin exerted comparable protective effects against indomethacin-induced intestinal ulcer through suppression of ER stress-mediated apoptosis but, unlike quercetin, chlorogenic acid offered no protection against gastric ulceration due to its ­inability to increase PGE2 production.

Quercetin inhibits calcium oxalate crystallization and growth but promotes crystal aggregation and invasion

“…Additionally, crystal-cell interaction and invasion through the matrix were also examined. Range of its concentrations used in this study (2.5–160 μM) was based on human blood and urine levels of quercetin reported in recent studies ( Boonyong et al, 2023 ; Salehi et al, 2020 ). In parallel, the samples added with DMSO and crystallization buffer alone served as the negative control and blank control, respectively.…”

An integrated network analysis, RNA-seq and in vivo validation approaches to explore the protective mechanism of Mongolian medicine formulae Ruda-6 against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats

“…The anti-ulcer or anti-inflammatory effect of these ingredients has been confirmed. For example, quercetin can inhibit the inflammatory reaction caused by indomethacin, thus protecting the gastrointestinal tract ( Carrasco-Pozo et al, 2016 ; Boonyong et al, 2023 ). Luteolin and its glycoside derivatives play an important role in inflammatory diseases by reducing the expression of pro-inflammatory factors (IL-6 and IL-1β) ( Attiq et al, 2021 ) and increasing the production of the anti-inflammatory factor (IL-10) ( Okeke and Uzonna, 2019 ).…”

Biological properties and potential application of extracts and compounds from different medicinal parts (bark, leaf, staminate flower, and seed) of Eucommia ulmoides: A review

“…Currently, there are no reports on the direct use of ESF to improve gastrointestinal function. However, evidence suggests that quercetin, chlorogenic acid, ursolic acid, and aucubin have protective effects on the gastrointestinal tract, such as enhancing digestive function, increasing gut microbiota diversity, and inhibiting the malignant behavior of gastric and colon cancer cells [ [125] , [126] , [127] ]. Quercetin, chlorogenic acid, ursolic acid, and aucubin are the main active ingredients in ESF, indicating that ESF can be developed as a related product.…”