Different saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids levels in fish oil-free diets to cobia (Rachycentron canadum) juveniles: Effects in growth performance and lipid metabolism

Marques, Victor Hugo; Moreira, Renata Guimarães; Branco, Giovana Souza; Honji, Renato Massaaki; Rombenso, Artur N.; Viana, María Teresa; Mello, Paulo H.; Mata-Sotres, José Antonio; Araújo, Bruno C.

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.736843

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…However, in this study, the total SFA levels in the liver decreased with the increase of ARA in the dietary treatments, while it was not observed in muscle tissue. Marine fish species generally preferentially catabolize SFA to produce biochemical energy through the intermediate metabolism [4,[46][47][48]. Such as previously mentioned by Tocher [1], these findings suggest that California Yellowtail used SFA preferentially over MUFA to generate energy via β-oxidation processes at this life stage and culture conditions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Dietary Arachidonic Acid (20:4n-6) Levels and Its Effect on Growth Performance, Fatty Acid Profile, Gene Expression for Lipid Metabolism, and Health Status of Juvenile California Yellowtail (Seriola dorsalis)

Araújo

Skrzynska

Marques

et al. 2022

Fishes

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Arachidonic acid (ARA, 20:4n-6) fed to Seriola dorsalis juveniles at different levels was evaluated. After a seven-week feeding trial, growth performance, hepatopancreas and muscle fatty acid (FA) composition, expression of lipid-relevant genes, and blood parameters were evaluated. Four isoproteic and isolipidic experimental diets were formulated to contain 44% crude protein and 11% lipids with graded inclusion levels of ARA, 0% (Control), 0.4, 0.9, and 1.4% of the total diet. S. dorsalis juveniles (14.54 ± 0.18 g) were randomly divided into twelve tanks with fifteen animals each. The animals were hand fed three times per day to apparent satiation. Dietary treatments did not significantly affect the growth performance, SGR, FCR, and feed intake of fish. Different levels of ARA in the experimental diets directly influenced liver and muscle FA profiles, with significant changes in ARA and EPA deposition between Control treatment and 1.4%, in both tissues. The expression of arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (alox5), acyl-CoA dehydrogenase very long chain (acadvl), carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1(cpt1a) was significantly affected by dietary treatments, with an expression increasing accordingly to the increasing ARA levels. In contrast, a reduction of fatty acid synthase (fas) and proliferator-activated receptor alpha (ppara) expression was significantly reduced as ARA increased in the diet. In addition, a significant reduction in blood cortisol and glucose was found at a 0.9% ARA level compared to the other treatments. Based on the performance, cortisol levels, the gene expression for eicosanoids synthesis, and lipid metabolic pathways, the present study suggests a maximum ARA inclusion of 0.9% in diets for California yellowtail juveniles, S. dorsalis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Dietary Arachidonic Acid (20:4n-6) Levels and Its Effect on Growth Performance, Fatty Acid Profile, Gene Expression for Lipid Metabolism, and Health Status of Juvenile California Yellowtail (Seriola dorsalis)

Araújo

Skrzynska

Marques

et al. 2022

Fishes

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“…The PO contains the highest level of OA, which is not easy to be utilized and is usually deposited in tissue for aquatic animals [68]. Previous studies have indicated that vegetable oils containing high OA and LA levels could induce excess lipid deposition [17,69,70].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Vitamin A Supplementation on Growth Performance, Lipid Deposition, Antioxidant Ability, and Immunity in Juvenile Chinese Mitten Crab Eriocheir sinensis Fed Diet with Fish Oil Totally Replaced by Palm Oil

Huang

Wang

Liu

et al. 2022

Aquaculture Nutrition

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This research evaluated the protective effect of vitamin A (VA) on the adverse effect of fish oil (FO) substitution with palm oil (PO) in an economical crab Eriocheir sinensis. Three diets of FO, PO, and PO + 8000 IU / kg VA as the main lipid sources were fed to crabs, respectively, for 8 weeks. Compared to crabs fed FO diet, crabs fed PO diet showed reduced hemolymph VA concentration, feed utilization efficiency, and growth performance. Besides, crabs fed PO diet showed elevated lipid content in hepatopancreas and body and triglyceride content in hepatopancreas, leading to decreased antioxidant enzyme and immune parameters activities from biochemical analysis, enzymatic determination, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. In contrast, compared to crabs fed PO only, VA supplementation in PO improved the growth performance and utilization of fatty acids and reduced lipid deposition in the hepatopancreas. In addition, VA supplementation suppressed gene expression related to triglyceride synthesis (dgat1) and positively affected gene expression related to lipid catabolism (cpt1a, cpt1b, cpt2, and caat). Furthermore, VA supplementation upregulated antioxidant genes (CuZnSOD and CAT) through downregulating gene expression of upstream regulator Keap1. Furthermore, VA supplementation upregulated immune genes (Lzm and proPO) expression and reduced proinflammatory genes (LITAF, ADAM17, and IL-16) expression related to Toll2/MyD88/Relish signaling pathway. This study shows the necessity of VA addition in the feed with FO totally replaced by PO because it can relieve PO’s adverse effects and improve the growth of crabs.

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“…AS with protein sparing, the concept of omega-3 FAs sparing has emerged too [ 64 , 91 ], with saturated fatty acids (SFA) relative to monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) being of central importance. Our present observations might be hinting in this direction too.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Nutrition and Metabolism of Threatened, Data-Poor Rheophilic Fishes in Context of Riverine Stocking Success- Barbel as a Model for Major European Drainages?

Roy

Podhorec

Dvořák

et al. 2021

Biology

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Large-bodied, river-migrating, rheophilic fishes (cyprinids) such as barbel Barbus barbus, nase Chondrostoma nasus, asp Leuciscus aspius, and vimba bream Vimba vimba are threatened in major European drainages. This represents the subject of our present study. Their hatchery nutrition prior to river-release is mostly on a hit-and-trial or carp-based diet basis. The study demonstrates an alternative approach to decide optimum nutrition for these conservation-priority and nutritionally data-poor fishes. The study revealed barbel as a central representative species in terms of wild body composition among other native rheophilic cyprinids considered (asp, nase, vimba bream). Taking barbel as a model, the study shows that barbel or rheophilic cyprinids may have carnivorous-like metabolism and higher requirements of S-containing, aromatic, branched-chain amino acids (AAs) than carps. Besides, there are important interactions of AAs and fatty acids (FAs) biosynthesis to consider. Only proper feeding of nutritionally well-selected diets may contribute to river stocking mandates such as steepest growth trajectory (≈less time in captivity), ideal size-at-release, body fitness (≈blend-in with wild conspecifics, predator refuge), better gastrointestinal condition, maximized body reserves of functional nutrients, and retention efficiencies (≈uncompromised physiology). Considering important physiological functions and how AA–FA interactions shape them, hatchery-raised fishes on casually chosen diets may have high chances of physiological, morphological, and behavioral deficits (≈low post-stocking survivability). Based on the observations, optimum nutrient requirements of juvenile (0+ to 1+ age) barbels are suggested. Future efforts may consider barbels as a nutrition model for conservation aquaculture of threatened and data poor rheophilic cyprinids of the region.

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Different saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids levels in fish oil-free diets to cobia (Rachycentron canadum) juveniles: Effects in growth performance and lipid metabolism

Cited by 23 publications

References 67 publications

Dietary Arachidonic Acid (20:4n-6) Levels and Its Effect on Growth Performance, Fatty Acid Profile, Gene Expression for Lipid Metabolism, and Health Status of Juvenile California Yellowtail (Seriola dorsalis)

Dietary Arachidonic Acid (20:4n-6) Levels and Its Effect on Growth Performance, Fatty Acid Profile, Gene Expression for Lipid Metabolism, and Health Status of Juvenile California Yellowtail (Seriola dorsalis)

Effect of Vitamin A Supplementation on Growth Performance, Lipid Deposition, Antioxidant Ability, and Immunity in Juvenile Chinese Mitten Crab Eriocheir sinensis Fed Diet with Fish Oil Totally Replaced by Palm Oil

Understanding Nutrition and Metabolism of Threatened, Data-Poor Rheophilic Fishes in Context of Riverine Stocking Success- Barbel as a Model for Major European Drainages?

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