“…On the one hand, a few studies have reported impairments with ,-adrenoceptor blockers, particularly in verbal memory (see Richardson & Wyke, 1988, for a review), with drugrelated decrements in performance among hypertensive patients found in both between-subject designs (Hartley et al, 1983;Solomon et al, 1983) and within-subject designs (e.g. Lichter et al, 1986;Steiner et al, 1990). On the other hand, a recent double-blind study by Skinner et al (1992) which used a crossover design to evaluate the effects of the ,3-adrenoceptor blocker, atenolol, and the calcium antagonist, nifedipine, on memory and other cognitive functions in elderly hypertensive subjects, found no adverse effects of atenolol.…”