Differential effects of cortisol and 11-deoxycorticosterone on ion transport protein mRNA levels in gills of two euryhaline teleosts, Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) and striped bass (Morone saxatilis)

Kiilerich, Pia; Tipsmark, Christian K.; Borski, Russell J.; Madsen, Steffen S.

doi:10.1530/joe-10-0326

Cited by 40 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…A similar conflict was found in the case of cortisol-stimulated Atlantic salmon gill Na + -K + -ATPase α1b mRNA [23]. Both RU486 and spironolactone decreased cortisol-stimulated gill Na + -K + -ATPase α1b mRNA in vitro in seawater striped bass [24] and seawater Atlantic salmon [23], but only RU486 suppressed that in seawater tilapia [24]. These inconsistencies may be ascribed to differences in species or experimental design, or possibly other, unknown reasons.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Glucocorticoid Receptor, but Not Mineralocorticoid Receptor, Mediates Cortisol Regulation of Epidermal Ionocyte Development and Ion Transport in Zebrafish (Danio Rerio)

et al. 2013

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Cortisol is the major endogenous glucocorticoid (GC) both in human and fish, mediated by corticosteroid receptors. Due to the absence of aldosterone production in teleost fish, cortisol is also traditionally accepted to function as mineralocorticoid (MC); but whether it acts through the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) or the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) remains a subject of debate. Here, we used loss-of-function and rescue assays to determine whether cortisol affects zebrafish epidermal ionocyte development and function via the GR and/or the MR. GR knockdown morphants displayed a significant decrease in the major ionocytes, namely Na+-K+-ATPase-rich cells (NaRCs) and H+-ATPase-rich cells (HRCs), as well as other cells, including epidermal stem cells (ESCs), keratinocytes, and mucus cells; conversely, cell numbers were unaffected in MR knockdown morphants. In agreement, GR morphants, but not MR morphants, exhibited decreased NaRC-mediated Ca2+ uptake and HRC-mediated H+ secretion. Rescue via GR capped mRNA injection or exogenous cortisol incubation normalized the number of epidermal ionocytes in GR morphants. We also provide evidence for GR localization in epidermal cells. At the transcript level, GR mRNA is ubiquitously expressed in gill sections and present in both NaRCs and HRCs, supporting the knockdown and functional assay results in embryo. Altogether, we have provided solid molecular evidence that GR is indeed present on ionocytes, where it mediates the effects of cortisol on ionocyte development and function. Hence, cortisol-GR axis performs the roles of both GC and MC in zebrafish skin and gills.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Glucocorticoid Receptor, but Not Mineralocorticoid Receptor, Mediates Cortisol Regulation of Epidermal Ionocyte Development and Ion Transport in Zebrafish (Danio Rerio)

et al. 2013

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“…They were significantly enriched in the sub-terms of “substrate-specific transmembrane transporter activity” and “ion transmembrane transporter activity” in this study, suggesting their important roles in regulating homeostasis of various substrates in response to environmental stress, which were consistent with those previous reports on stress adaptation and resistance of many organisms. For instance, amino acid and ion transmembrane transporters were reported to be essential factors to salt and osmotic stress response in many plants [33,34], as well as in many aquatic animals including mollusks [35,36] and teleosts [37,38] etc. We further inspected those highly DEGs in liver and confirmed that 128 accessions encoding various transporter proteins or solute carrier (SLC) family members, suggesting they were important regulators in response to alkaline stress in liver of L. waleckii .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene expression changes leading extreme alkaline tolerance in Amur ide (Leuciscus waleckii) inhabiting soda lake

et al. 2013

BMC Genomics

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BackgroundAmur ide (Leuciscus waleckii) is an economically and ecologically important cyprinid species in Northern Asia. The Dali Nor population living in the soda lake Dali Nor can adapt the extremely high alkalinity, providing us a valuable material to understand the adaptation mechanism against extreme environmental stress in teleost.ResultsIn this study, we generated high-throughput RNA-Seq data from three tissues gill, liver and kidney of L. waleckii living in the soda lake Dali Nor and the fresh water lake Ganggeng Nor, then performed parallel comparisons of three tissues. Our results showed that out of assembled 64,603 transcript contigs, 28,391 contigs had been assigned with a known function, corresponding to 20,371 unique protein accessions. We found 477, 2,761 and 3,376 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the gill, kidney, and liver, respectively, of Dali Nor population compared to Ganggeng Nor population with FDR ≤ 0.01and fold-change ≥ 2. Further analysis revealed that well-known functional categories of genes and signaling pathway, which are associated with stress response and extreme environment adaptation, have been significantly enriched, including the functional categories of “response to stimulus”, “transferase activity”, “transporter activity” and “oxidoreductase activity”, and signaling pathways of “mTOR signaling”, “EIF2 signaling”, “superpathway of cholesterol biosynthesis”. We also identified significantly DEGs encoding important modulators on stress adaptation and tolerance, including carbonic anhydrases, heat shock proteins, superoxide dismutase, glutathione S-transferases, aminopeptidase N, and aminotransferases.ConclusionsOverall, this study demonstrated that transcriptome changes in L. waleckii played a role in adaptation to complicated environmental stress in the highly alkalized Dali Nor lake. The results set a foundation for further analyses on alkaline-responsive candidate genes, which help us understand teleost adaptation under extreme environmental stress and ultimately benefit future breeding for alkaline-tolerant fish strains.

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“…Spr effects are also species dependent. In gill explants, Spr could inhibit cortisol‐stimulated Na + ‐K + ‐ATPase mRNA expression in ionocytes in Atlantic salmon and in striped bass, but not in tilapia . In these studies, the action of Spr on various teleost MRs was characterized in the context of osmoregulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In gill explants, Spr could inhibit cortisol-stimulated Na + -K + -ATPase mRNA expression in ionocytes in Atlantic salmon 92 and in striped bass, but not in tilapia. 93 In these studies, the action of Spr on various teleost MRs was characterized in the context of osmoregulation. However, in teleost fish, MR is highly expressed in the brain but not in osmoregulatory organs such as the gill, kidney and gut.…”

Section: Absence Of Phenotypes In Mr Knockouts Calls For In-depth Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel zebrafish behavioral assay to identify modifiers of the rapid, nongenomic stress response

Lee

Schwab

Sigafoos

et al. 2019

Genes Brain and Behavior

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When vertebrates face acute stressors, their bodies rapidly undergo a repertoire of physiological and behavioral adaptations, which is termed the stress response. Rapid changes in heart rate and blood glucose levels occur via the interaction of glucocorticoids and their cognate receptors following hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal axis activation. These physiological changes are observed within minutes of encountering a stressor and the rapid time domain rules out genomic responses that require gene expression changes. Although behavioral changes corresponding to physiological changes are commonly observed, it is not clearly understood to what extent hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal axis activation dictates adaptive behavior. We hypothesized that rapid locomotor response to acute stressors in zebrafish requires hypothalamic‐pituitary‐interrenal (HPI) axis activation. In teleost fish, interrenal cells are functionally homologous to the adrenocortical layer. We derived eight frameshift mutants in genes involved in HPI axis function: two mutants in exon 2 of mc2r (adrenocorticotropic hormone receptor), five in exon 2 or 5 of nr3c1 (glucocorticoid receptor [GR]) and two in exon 2 of nr3c2 (mineralocorticoid receptor [MR]). Exposing larval zebrafish to mild environmental stressors, acute changes in salinity or light illumination, results in a rapid locomotor response. We show that this locomotor response requires a functioning HPI axis via the action of mc2r and the canonical GR encoded by nr3c1 gene, but not MR ( nr3c2 ). Our rapid behavioral assay paradigm based on HPI axis biology can be used to screen for genetic and environmental modifiers of the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal axis and to investigate the effects of corticosteroids and their cognate receptor interactions on behavior.

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Differential effects of cortisol and 11-deoxycorticosterone on ion transport protein mRNA levels in gills of two euryhaline teleosts, Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) and striped bass (Morone saxatilis)

Cited by 40 publications

References 62 publications

Glucocorticoid Receptor, but Not Mineralocorticoid Receptor, Mediates Cortisol Regulation of Epidermal Ionocyte Development and Ion Transport in Zebrafish (Danio Rerio)

Glucocorticoid Receptor, but Not Mineralocorticoid Receptor, Mediates Cortisol Regulation of Epidermal Ionocyte Development and Ion Transport in Zebrafish (Danio Rerio)

Gene expression changes leading extreme alkaline tolerance in Amur ide (Leuciscus waleckii) inhabiting soda lake

Novel zebrafish behavioral assay to identify modifiers of the rapid, nongenomic stress response

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