Differential effects of dopaminergic manipulations on risky choice

Onge, Jennifer R. St.; Chiu, Yi-Chang; Floresco, Stan

doi:10.1007/s00213-010-1883-y

Cited by 108 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The first is that slackers may be more sensitive to the probability of reward or punishment. On decision-making tasks involving risk or ambiguity, amphetamine challenge has been shown to shift choice preference in favor of smaller rewards delivered with a higher probability, even at a normative cost across the session (Mitchell et al, 2011;Zeeb et al, 2009), in effect increasing animals' sensitivity to reward/punishment probability (but see St Onge et al, 2010). Workers and all control animals demonstrated a similar response to amphetamine, increasing choice of the higher accuracy/probability LR trials.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity to Cognitive Effort Mediates Psychostimulant Effects on a Novel Rodent Cost/Benefit Decision-Making Task

Cocker

Hosking

Benoit

et al. 2012

Neuropsychopharmacol

107

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Amotivational states and insufficient recruitment of mental effort have been observed in a variety of clinical populations, including depression, traumatic brain injury, post-traumatic stress disorder, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Previous rodent models of effort-based decision making have utilized physical costs whereas human studies of effort are primarily cognitive in nature, and it is unclear whether the two types of effortful decision making are underpinned by the same neurobiological processes. We therefore designed a novel rat cognitive effort task (rCET) based on the 5-choice serial reaction time task, a well-validated measure of attention and impulsivity. Within each trial of the rCET, rats are given the choice between an easy or hard visuospatial discrimination, and successful hard trials are rewarded with double the number of sugar pellets. Similar to previous human studies, stable individual variation in choice behavior was observed, with 'workers' choosing hard trials significantly more than their 'slacker' counterparts. Whereas workers 'slacked off' in response to administration of amphetamine and caffeine, slackers 'worked harder' under amphetamine, but not caffeine. Conversely, these stimulants increased motor impulsivity in all animals. Ethanol did not affect animals' choice but invigorated behavior. In sum, we have shown for the first time that rats are differentially sensitive to cognitive effort when making decisions, independent of other processes such as impulsivity, and these baseline differences can influence the cognitive response to psychostimulants. Such findings could inform our understanding of impairments in effort-based decision making and contribute to treatment development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity to Cognitive Effort Mediates Psychostimulant Effects on a Novel Rodent Cost/Benefit Decision-Making Task

Cocker

Hosking

Benoit

et al. 2012

Neuropsychopharmacol

107

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“…First, the ICSS-mediated discounting task was acquired by rats in the first test session, and stable baseline discounting was achieved in 3 days of testing. This contrasts food reinforcement discounting where typically 10 test sessions are needed for acquisition and 25-35 days are required to reach stable discounting behavior (St Onge et al, 2010;Ghods-Sharifi et al, 2009). Second, ICSS allows for testing several probabilities in a randomized order, a feature that is not successfully implemented with food-reinforced discounting (St Onge et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This contrasts food reinforcement discounting where typically 10 test sessions are needed for acquisition and 25-35 days are required to reach stable discounting behavior (St Onge et al, 2010;Ghods-Sharifi et al, 2009). Second, ICSS allows for testing several probabilities in a randomized order, a feature that is not successfully implemented with food-reinforced discounting (St Onge et al, 2010). Randomization encourages rats to continue selecting the LR lever even at very low probabilities (in contrast to what is obtained with protocols using predictable, descending probabilities; Rokosik and Napier, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pramipexole-Induced Increased Probabilistic Discounting: Comparison Between a Rodent Model of Parkinson's Disease and Controls

Rokosik

Napier

2012

Neuropsychopharmacol

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The dopamine agonist pramipexole (PPX) can increase impulsiveness, and PPX therapy for neurological diseases (Parkinson's disease (PD) and restless leg syndrome) is associated with impulse control disorders (ICDs) in subpopulations of treated patients. A commonly reported ICD is pathological gambling of which risk taking is a prominent feature. Probability discounting is a measurable aspect of risk taking. We recently developed a probability discounting paradigm wherein intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS) serves as the positive reinforcer. Here we used this paradigm to determine the effects of PPX on discounting. We included assessments of a rodent model of PD, wherein 6-OHDA was injected into the dorsolateral striatum of both hemispheres, which produced persistent PD-like deficits in posture adjustment. Rats were trained to perform ICSS-mediated probability discounting, in which PD-like and control groups exhibited similar profiles. Rats were treated twice daily for 2 weeks with 2 mg/kg ( ± )PPX (ie, 1 mg/kg of the active form), a dose that improved lesion-induced motor deficits. In both groups, ( ± )PPX increased discounting; preference for the large reinforcer was enhanced 30-45% at the most uncertain probabilities. Tolerance did not develop with repeated treatments. Increased discounting subsided within 2 weeks of ( ± )PPX cessation, and re-exposure to ( ± )PPX reinstated heightened discounting. Such findings emulate the clinical scenario; therefore, ICSS for discounting assessments in rats exhibited high face validity. This model should prove useful in medication development where assessment of the propensity of a putative therapy to induce risk-taking behaviors is of interest.

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“…Risk-discounting task The primary task used in these studies has been described previously (Floresco & Whelan, 2009;Ghods-Sharifi et al, 2009;St. Onge, Chiu, & Floresco, 2010;, which was originally modified from that described by Cardinal and Howes (2005) (see Fig.…”

Section: Decision-making Tasksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributions of the nucleus accumbens and its subregions to different aspects of risk-based decision making

Stopper

Floresco

2010

Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci

Self Cite

142

147

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The nucleus accumbens (NAc) has been implicated in mediating different forms of decision making in humans and animals. In the present study, we observed that inactivation of the rat NAc, via infusion of GABA agonists, reduced preference for a large/risky option and increased response latencies on a probabilistic discounting task. Discrete inactivations of the NAc shell and core revealed further differences between these regions in mediating choice and response latencies, respectively. The effect on choice was attributable to reduced win-stay performance (i.e., choosing risky after a being rewarded for a risky choice on a preceding trial). Moreover, NAc inactivation altered choice only when the large/risky option had greater long-term value, in terms of the amount of food that could be obtained over multiple trials relative to the small/certain option. Inactivation of the NAc or the shell subregion also slightly reduced preference for larger rewards on a reward magnitude discrimination. Thus, the NAc seems to play a small role in biasing choice toward larger rewards, but its contribution to behavior is amplified when delivery of these rewards is uncertain, helping to direct response selection toward more favorable outcomes.

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Differential effects of dopaminergic manipulations on risky choice

Cited by 108 publications

References 32 publications

Sensitivity to Cognitive Effort Mediates Psychostimulant Effects on a Novel Rodent Cost/Benefit Decision-Making Task

Sensitivity to Cognitive Effort Mediates Psychostimulant Effects on a Novel Rodent Cost/Benefit Decision-Making Task

Pramipexole-Induced Increased Probabilistic Discounting: Comparison Between a Rodent Model of Parkinson's Disease and Controls

Contributions of the nucleus accumbens and its subregions to different aspects of risk-based decision making

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