Differential effects of high-fat and high-carbohydrate isoenergetic meals on cardiac autonomic nervous system activity in lean and obese women

Tentolouris, Nicholas; Tsigos, Constantine; Perea, Despina; Koukou, E.; Kyriaki, Despoina; Kitsou, E.; Daskas, Spiros; Daifotis, Z; Makrilakis, Konstantinos; Raptis, Sotirios A.; Katsilambros, Nikolaos

doi:10.1016/s0026-0495(03)00322-6

Cited by 87 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This suggests that chronic marked hyperinsulinaemia may prevent further enhancement of cardiac sympathetic tone during an acute rise in insulin. A similar trend towards a limited increase in sympathetic activity in obese and type 2 diabetic patients has been reported during other tests, including deep breathing, exercise and oral glucose challenge [12,39,40], suggesting a reduction in sympathetic reserve when sympathetic activity is relatively high at baseline. A blunted sympathetic response may result from impaired insulin transport across the blood-brain barrier, which has been shown in experimentally induced insulin resistance in dogs [41], and from lower cerebrospinal fluid insulin levels, as reported in obese insulin-resistant humans [42].…”

Section: Effects Of Insulin On Vagosympathetic Activitysupporting

confidence: 79%

Insulin- and glucagon-like peptide-1-induced changes in heart rate and vagosympathetic activity: why they matter

2013

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Section: Effects Of Insulin On Vagosympathetic Activitysupporting

confidence: 79%

Insulin- and glucagon-like peptide-1-induced changes in heart rate and vagosympathetic activity: why they matter

2013

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“…Findings from Sidery et al (1991) and Hawley and Channer (1992) suggest that short-term fasting suppresses sympathetic activation in healthy adult subjects. On the other hand, Tentolouris et al (2003) observed an increased LF/HF ratio after a high-carbohydrate meal (546 kcal) compared with that after a high-fat meal (532 kcal). Millis et al (2009) also found a greater increase in the LF/HF ratio after subjects consumed a high-carbohydrate drink (900 kcal) compared with an iso-energetic high-fat drink in healthy young males.…”

Section: Eating Patterns and Heart Rate Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 80%

“…The high-E high-F meal and the moderate-E high-C meal in the present study were high-fat and high-carbohydrate meals, respectively, but were not isoenergetic (high-E high-F meal, 771 kcal; moderate-E high-C meal, 519 kcal). In terms of nutrient composition, Tentolouris et al (2003) observed decreased HF power after a high-carbohydrate meal and unchanged HF power after an isoenergetic high-fat meal in healthy adults. On the other hand, no studies have directly examined the influence of the energy differences of the meals on cardiac autonomic function.…”

Section: Eating Patterns and Heart Rate Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 85%

Effects of Modern Eating Patterns on the Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System in Young Japanese Males

Kuwahara

Okita

Kouda

et al. 2011

J Physiol Anthropol

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The aim of this study was to determine the effects of the single intake of a high-energy and high-fat meal, of that of a moderate-energy and high-carbohydrate meal, and of fasting, which are major global eating patterns involving the combination of various levels of energy and nutrients, on heart rate variability in healthy young males. Participants were assigned to three groups: the high-energy and high-fat meal group, the moderate-energy and high-carbohydrate meal group, and the fasting group (no meal) in a randomized crossover design. The R-R intervals were continuously recorded before and after meals. Physiological and psychological data were obtained before and 30, 60, 90, and 120 min after meal intake. The main results were: (1) decreased sympathetic modulation of the heart and increased parasympathetic modulation of the heart in the fasting group, indicated by an unchanged heart rate, a decreased lowfrequency/high-frequency ratio, and increased highfrequency power of heart rate variability in the fasting group; (2) cardiac sympathetic activation or parasympathetic withdrawal after the intake of either a high-energy and high-fat meal or a moderate-energy and high-carbohydrate meal, indicated by increases in the heart rate and the lowfrequency/high-frequency ratio of heart rate variability, and a decrease in the high-frequency power of heart rate variability in both the high-energy and high-fat meal group and the moderate-energy and high-carbohydrate meal group; and (3) the high-energy and high-fat meal group and the moderateenergy and high-carbohydrate meal group showed similar movement in physiological and psychological measurements after the meal intake. In conclusion, the intake of the highenergy and high-fat meal and the moderate-energy and highcarbohydrate meal similarly activated sympathetic modulation of the heart, whereas fasting suppressed sympathetic modulation of the heart compared with the other two eating groups in healthy young males.

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“…In feeding studies, high carbohydrate/protein diets were associated with a significant increase in NE levels, while high fat/protein diets did not alter SNS activity [124,125].…”

Section: Sympathetic Nervous System (Sns) and Cancermentioning

confidence: 93%

“…It is well established that SNS activity is influenced by food ingestion: among dietary substrates, carbohydrate (starch and sugars) ingestion activates the SNS, characterized by a significant increase in plasma NE levels caused by spillover from sympathetic nerve endings [122,123], while protein or fat ingestion exert minimal effects on NE levels only [124,125]. In feeding studies, high carbohydrate/protein diets were associated with a significant increase in NE levels, while high fat/protein diets did not alter SNS activity [124,125].…”

Section: Sympathetic Nervous System (Sns) and Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Significant Dietary Changes during Human Evolution and the Development of Cancer: From Cells in Trouble to Cells Causing Trouble

Köpp¹

2017

J Carcinog Mutagen

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In all western societies, mortality rates from cancer are high and even increasing. In striking contrast, cancer rates are very rare and even non-existent in primitive cultures, like hunter-gatherer (HG) populations. HGs are free of disease as long as they adhere to their traditional low-insulinemic "Paleolithic" nutrition. With acculturation and transition to current high-carbohydrate/high-insulinemic "Western" diets (HCHIDs), cancer develops in high rates. This paper follows the question of how significant nutritional changes, brought about by the Agricultural revolution, may cause development of cancer. The evidence presented shows that the switch from a Paleolithic to a Western nutrition has brought about significant metabolic perturbations, like an abnormally increased activation of the insulinlike growth factor system, the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-system, an increased expression of HIF-1α and other more, all of which are deeply involved in cancer development through promotion of proliferation, angiogenesis, inflammation, macrophage infiltration, metastasis and inhibition of apoptosis.In addition, HCHIDs generate oxidative stress which may cause mitochondrial damage and genomic instability, and may interfere with normal stem cell development. Faulty redox signaling is suggested to play a significant role in cancer development: hydrogen peroxide, generated at low concentrations, represents an important chemical mediator in the regulation of various cellular signal transduction processes, including stem cell development. Oxidative stress may be sensed by cells as redox signaling. Faulty "redox signaling" is proposed to affect normal stem cell development by sustained activation of uncoupling protein 2, leading to inhibition of differentiation ("maturation arrest"), sustained uncontrolled proliferation, and glycolysis with high expression of hexokinase II, typical features of cancer. In summary, an abnormal diet-related activation of various metabolic systems, together with faulty redox signaling, is suggested to play a pivotal role in cancer development.

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Differential effects of high-fat and high-carbohydrate isoenergetic meals on cardiac autonomic nervous system activity in lean and obese women

Cited by 87 publications

References 34 publications

Insulin- and glucagon-like peptide-1-induced changes in heart rate and vagosympathetic activity: why they matter

Insulin- and glucagon-like peptide-1-induced changes in heart rate and vagosympathetic activity: why they matter

Effects of Modern Eating Patterns on the Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System in Young Japanese Males

Significant Dietary Changes during Human Evolution and the Development of Cancer: From Cells in Trouble to Cells Causing Trouble

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