Differential effects of short-term or prolonged cocaine exposure on peripheral blood cells in mice

Francesco, Paolo Di; Falchetti, R.; Gaziano, Roberta; Lanzilli, Giulia; Belogi, Luisella; Ravagnan, Giampietro; Garaci, Enrico

doi:10.1016/0024-3205(94)90136-8

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…As demonstrated earlier [14], both CD4 and CD8 PR8immune T cells produced IL-2, IL-4 and IFN-g upon restimulation in vitro with virus ( Fig. 1).…”

Section: Effect Of Cocaine On the Expression Of Il-2 Il-4 And Ifn-g supporting

confidence: 80%

“…Typically, 1% positive cells were allowed beyond the statistical markers in these controls. Earlier results [14,15] showed presence of no signi®cant cytokine immu-no¯uorescence in ®xed but not saponin-permeabilized cells.…”

Section: Detection Of Cytokine-producing Cells By Intracellular Immunmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…The frequency of cytokine-producing CD4 and CD8 T cells was determined as described [14]. In brief, cultured cells were ®xed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 20 min, resuspended in PBS containing 0´5% bovine serum albumin (BSA) and 0´1% NaN 3 and aliquoted for staining at 1´10 6 cells.…”

Section: Detection Of Cytokine-producing Cells By Intracellular Immunmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The present study was designed to evaluate the in vivo effects of cocaine on cytokine pro®le of both antigen-speci®c stimulated CD4 and CD8 T cells. For this purpose, we used a model system [14] in which unseparated spleen cells obtained from mice, injected intraperitoneally with PR8 in¯uenza virus, were restimulated in vitro with UV-inactivated PR8 virus. The distribution of IL-2-, IL-4-and IFN-g-producing CD4 and CD8 T cells was assayed at single-cell level by simultaneous¯ow cytometric analysis of intracellular cytokines and surface antigen expression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of cocaine administration to influenza virus-immunized mice on cytokine profiles of individual splenic CD4+ and CD8+ T cells

Francesco¹,

Falchetti

Gaziano

et al. 1999

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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We have analysed the effects of cocaine, administered to mice during the in vivo differentiation of effector T cells stimulated by antigen (influenza virus) recognition, on the frequency of IL-2-, IL-4- and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-expressing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Each animal was injected intraperitoneally with 10 mg/kg of cocaine 6, 24, 48 and 72 h after immunization with A/PR8 influenza virus (PR8). This enabled the determination of the pharmacological effects of cocaine on T cells during the initial step of the immune response, which is characterized by the production of large amounts of immunoregulatory cytokines. The distribution of IL-2-, IL-4- and IFN-gamma-producing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was assayed on unseparated PR8-immune spleen cells, obtained from mice treated with cocaine or vehicle, and restimulated in vitro with UV-inactivated PR8 virus. The frequency of T cells singly or co-expressing the above three cytokines was determined at single-cell level by simultaneous flow cytometric analysis of intracellular cytokines and surface antigen expression. In parallel, the levels of IL-2, IL-4 and IFN-gamma in the culture supernatants were quantified by ELISA. The results showed that cocaine, administered during the in vivo virus-induced differentiation of T cells, caused an increase of both the frequencies of CD8+ T cells singly and co-expressing IL-2 and IFN-gamma and the levels of these cytokines in virus-restimulated spleen cell culture supernatants, compared with those of untreated controls. In contrast, no effect was found on IL-4-positive CD8+ T cells and on IL-2-, IFN-gamma- and IL-4-positive CD4+ T cells. Our findings suggest that the immunomodulatory effects of cocaine may be due to the up-regulation of the production of IL-2 and IFN-gamma by CD8+ T cells with a type 0 cytokine profile.

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“…As demonstrated earlier [14], both CD4 and CD8 PR8immune T cells produced IL-2, IL-4 and IFN-g upon restimulation in vitro with virus ( Fig. 1).…”

Section: Effect Of Cocaine On the Expression Of Il-2 Il-4 And Ifn-g supporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Detection Of Cytokine-producing Cells By Intracellular Immunmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Detection Of Cytokine-producing Cells By Intracellular Immunmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effects of cocaine administration to influenza virus-immunized mice on cytokine profiles of individual splenic CD4+ and CD8+ T cells

Francesco¹,

Falchetti

Gaziano

et al. 1999

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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show abstract

“…Flow cytometry can be applied to evaluate the effects of innovative drugs to examine directly lymphocyte immunophenotype, immune responses and cytokine secretion patterns in various immunocompetent cells [122,123].…”

Section: Detection Of Immune-cell Population and Cytokines Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitroend points for the assessment of cellular immune response-modulating drugs

Fuggetta

Lanzilli²,

Fioretti³

et al. 2009

Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery

Self Cite

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Immunotoxicology of Drugs of Abuse

Kaplan¹

2018

Comprehensive Toxicology

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Differential effects of short-term or prolonged cocaine exposure on peripheral blood cells in mice

Cited by 19 publications

References 19 publications

Effects of cocaine administration to influenza virus-immunized mice on cytokine profiles of individual splenic CD4+ and CD8+ T cells

Effects of cocaine administration to influenza virus-immunized mice on cytokine profiles of individual splenic CD4+ and CD8+ T cells

In vitroend points for the assessment of cellular immune response-modulating drugs

Immunotoxicology of Drugs of Abuse

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