Differential effects of targeted tongue exercise and treadmill running on aging tongue muscle structure and contractile properties

Kletzien, Heidi; Russell, John A.; Leverson, Glen; Connor, Nadine P.

doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01370.2012

Cited by 49 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…As previously reported, tongue exercise training significantly increased maximum voluntary tongue force. The time‐treatment group interaction was significant ( F (1,28) = 78.731, P < .001).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…In the middle transverse and posterior inferior longitudinal muscles, exercise increased the percentage of MyHC IIa fibers, the most slowly contracting and fatigue‐resistant of the fiber types common in the rat intrinsic tongue. Similar results have previously been reported in the genioglossus, in which MyHC type 1 isoform prevalence increased with tongue exercise . Shifts in muscle composition to fibers with greater fatigue resistance may contribute to the improved fatigue indices found with tongue exercise in previous studies of rat tongue muscle contractile properties .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

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Differential impact of tongue exercise on intrinsic lingual muscles

2017

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Differential impact of tongue exercise on intrinsic lingual muscles

2017

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“…In fact, decrements in force have been found previously for evoked protrusive actions of the tongue in the rat model [24, 25]. The genioglossus is the major contributor to tongue tip elevation and protrusion and is active throughout the oropharyngeal swallow to the point of laryngeal closure [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…However, altered protrusive muscle strength, timing [24, 25], or coordination with retrusive muscle actions may contribute to the overall swallow impairment profile. In this work, we found that twitch contraction time was longer in duration in the old group with whole nerve stimulation, but not with selective lateral branch stimulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in rats, age-related changes in tongue muscle contractile properties have been found for evoked protrusive [24, 25] and not retrusive actions elicited with whole nerve stimulation [26, 27]. This is surprising given the retrusive nature of bolus transport during the swallow and previous findings of slower bolus transport speeds during videofluorography in old rats [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of aging on evoked retrusive tongue actions

Becker

Russell

Connor

2015

Archives of Oral Biology

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Objective Tongue strength, timing, and coordination deficits may underlie age-related swallowing function. Retrusive tongue actions are likely important in retrograde bolus transport. However, age-related changes in retrusive tongue muscle contractile properties have not been identified in animal studies. Because previous studies employed whole hypoglossal nerve stimulation that activated both protrusive and retrusive tongue muscles, co-contraction may have masked retrusive muscle force decrements. The hypotheses of this study were: (1) retrusive tongue muscle contraction forces would be diminished and temporal characteristics prolonged in old rats when lateral nerves were selectively activated, and (2) greater muscle contractile forces with selective lateral branch stimulation would be found relative to whole hypoglossal nerve stimulation. Design Nineteen Fischer 344/Brown Norway rats (9 Old, 10 Young Adult) underwent tongue muscle contractile property recording elicited by: (1) bilateral whole hypoglossal nerve stimulation, and (2) selective lateral branch stimulation. Twitch contraction time (CT), half-decay time, maximal twitch and tetanic forces, and a fatigue index were measured. Results For whole nerve stimulation, CT was significantly longer in the old group. No significant age group differences were found with selective lateral nerve stimulation. Significantly reduced twitch forces (old group only), increased tetanic forces and significantly less fatigue were found with selective lateral nerve stimulation than with whole hypoglossal stimulation. Conclusions Retrusive tongue forces are not impaired in old rats. Deficits observed in swallowing with aging may be due to other factors such as inadequate bolus propulsive forces, mediated by protrusive tongue muscles, or timing/coordination of muscle actions.

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Effects of chemoradiation and tongue exercise on swallow biomechanics and bolus kinematics

Schaen‐Heacock,

Rowe,

Ciucci

et al. 2024

Head & Neck

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BackgroundCommon treatments for head and neck cancer (radiation and chemotherapy) can lead to dysphagia; tongue exercise is a common intervention. This study aimed to assess swallow biomechanics and bolus kinematics using a well‐established rat model of radiation or chemoradiation treatment to the tongue base, with or without tongue exercise intervention.MethodsPre‐ and post‐treatment videofluoroscopy was conducted on 32 male Sprague–Dawley rats treated with radiation/chemoradiation and exercise/no exercise. Rats in the exercise groups completed a progressive resistance tongue training paradigm. Swallow biomechanics, bolus kinematics, jaw opening, and post‐swallow respiration were assessed.ResultsBoth treatments impacted outcome measures; the addition of exercise intervention showed benefit for some measures, particularly in rats treated with radiation, vs. chemoradiation.ConclusionsRadiation and chemoradiation can significantly affect aspects of deglutition; combined treatment may result in worse outcomes. Tongue exercise intervention can mitigate deficits; more intensive intervention may be warranted in proportion to combined treatment.

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Differential effects of targeted tongue exercise and treadmill running on aging tongue muscle structure and contractile properties

Abstract: Kletzien H, Russell JA, Leverson GE, Connor NP. Differential effects of targeted tongue exercise and treadmill running on aging tongue muscle structure and contractile properties.

Cited by 49 publications

References 83 publications

Differential impact of tongue exercise on intrinsic lingual muscles

Differential impact of tongue exercise on intrinsic lingual muscles

Effects of aging on evoked retrusive tongue actions

Effects of chemoradiation and tongue exercise on swallow biomechanics and bolus kinematics

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