Differential effects of triterpene glycosides, frondoside A and cucumarioside A₂‐2 isolated from sea cucumbers on caspase activation and apoptosis of human leukemia cells

Abstract

a b s t r a c tFrondoside A is a pentaoside having an acetyl moiety at the aglycon ring and xylose as a third monosaccharide residue. Cucumarioside A 2 -2 is a pentaoside having glucose as a third monosaccahride unit. We compared the effects of frondoside A and A 2 -2 for cell death-inducing capability with close attention paid to structure-activity relationships. Both frondoside A and A 2 -2 strongly induced apoptosis of leukemic cells. Frondoside A-induced apoptosis was more potent and rapid than A 2 -2-induced apoptosis. A 2 -2-induced but not frondoside A-induced apoptosis was caspase-dependent. This suggests that holothurians may induce apoptosis of leukemic cells caspase-dependently or -independently, depending on the holothurian structure.

The mechanism of fucoidan-induced apoptosis in leukemic cells: Involvement of ERK1/2, JNK, glutathione, and nitric oxide

“…Cytotoxicity was studied using the neutral red release assay according to the method described by Borenfreund and Puerner [16] and measured as described previously [17]. Briefly, 1 Â 10 4 exponentially growing cells were seeded in 96-well plates with various concentrations of fucoidan for 24 or 48 h. The cells were then washed with 200 mL phosphate buffered saline (PBS), after which filtered neutral red stock solution (4%, w/v, 0.9% NaCl) was diluted 1:60 in serum-free media and added to each well.…”

Anti-cancer Effects of Triterpene Glycosides, Frondoside A and Cucumarioside A2-2 Isolated from Sea Cucumbers

“…Frondoside A and Cucumariosides showed cancer preventive activities, mainly on in vitro level and suppressed tumor growth in vivo [9][10][11][12]. They have anti-tumor activity by inducing apoptosis of cancer cells although the precise mechanisms underlying the anti-tumor activity of the compounds have not been fully characterized [11,13,14]. Recently, our results revealed that Frondoside A and Cucumariosides both possess anti-leukemic properties by inducing apoptosis [13].…”

Extraction, Isolation and Identification of Useful Phyto Constituents from Dichloromethane Leave Extract of Abutilon Pannosum and Grewia Tenax Using Q-TOF LC/MS

“…Triterpene glycosides are well-known for their cytotoxic, antimicrobial, anticoagulant, hemolytic, antiviral, antiparasitic and antitumor properties. Some glycosides can prevent the growth [79] survival, invasion [80,81] and metastasis [82] of cancerous cells; others possess immunomodulatory activity, [83] or inhibit the sodium-potassium ATPase, [84] and even elicit apoptosis [85] G.T also have red chlorophyll catabolite i.e., one type of protein molecule [30] and N-carbamylglutamate, mupirocin and N-stearoyl proline are compound which have antimicrobial activity.…”