Differential Effects of Various Causes of Deafness on the Eyes, Refractive Errors, and Vision of Children

Me, Woodruff

doi:10.1097/00006324-198608000-00011

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…But a general view led us to the conclusion that subjects whose deafness was caused by maternal rubella were faster in processing than all other aetiology groups. This was an unexpected result, because congenital rubella is associated with the broadest spectrum of neurological and visual problems (Johnson & Whitehead, 1989;Woodruff, 1986). Our observation that in the tasks used the visual capacities of all aetiology groups are about the same and that particularly those whose deafness was caused by maternal rubella showed the best performance of all deaf subjects showed that our severe selection criteria served its purpose.…”

Section: Inºuences Of Aetiologymentioning

confidence: 81%

Do Deaf People See Better? Texture Segmentation and Visual Search Compensate in Adult but Not in Juvenile Subjects

Rettenbach

Diller

Sireteanu

1999

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

101

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The research concerning the visual perception in deaf subjects has led to contradictory results: Deaf subjects have been reported to show enhanced visual perceptual skills compared to hearing subjects (Neville & Lawson, 1987). On the other hand, there are indications that acoustic deprivation may produce an inferiority in all sensory modalities (Myklebust, 1964). These contradictions may be due to methodological differences: The investigators selected different conditions (e.g. attentive/nonattentive) and various samples of deaf subjects (e.g., different age, language, and aetiology groups). In our study, we tested a large sample of deaf subjects with texture segmentation and visual search conditions, which allowed us to differentiate between visual processing with and without attentional load. All deaf subjects had profound hearing loss within the first year of life. Our results suggest that the visual processing capacity of deaf children and adolescents does not exceed that of age- and gender-matched hearing subjects. Rather, deaf school children show deficits in visual processing in conditions with and without attentional load. Age (6 to 20 years), language used (oral, sign, oral + sign), and aetiology for deafness (genetic, maternal rubella, perinatal, infection in the first year of life, unknown) did not consistently influence the results. The deficits in visual processing were partially compensated for in adult deaf subjects. The performances of deaf and hearing adults in trials that could be solved preattentively did not differ statistically significantly, but in attention-dependent trials the deaf subjects were more efficient than the hearing controls. We conclude that visual compensation for deafness is limited to attention-dependent tasks and does not develop until adulthood.

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Section: Inºuences Of Aetiologymentioning

confidence: 81%

Do Deaf People See Better? Texture Segmentation and Visual Search Compensate in Adult but Not in Juvenile Subjects

Rettenbach

Diller

Sireteanu

1999

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

101

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“…() used a ≥2.00 D criterion and reported prevalence in the deaf of 14.4%. Woodruff () in his retrospective study suggested that higher levels of astigmatism (>1.00 D) may be associated with congenital rubella, although no associations with disease process or level of deafness have been suggested elsewhere. Mohindra () subdivided her astigmatic participants into ‘with‐the‐rule’ (steeper corneal curvature vertically) and ‘against‐the‐rule’ (steeper curvature horizontally).…”

Section: Visual Defects – Refractive and Binocular Vision Abnormalitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…). Woodruff () also reviewed corneal curvature suggesting congenital rubella subjects show greater curvature and a high prevalence of microphthalmia.…”

Section: Visual Defects – Refractive and Binocular Vision Abnormalitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual performance and ocular abnormalities in deaf children and young adults: a literature review

Hollingsworth

Ludlow

Wilkins

et al. 2013

Acta Ophthalmologica

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ABSTRACT.Visual defects are common in deaf individuals. Refractive error and ocular motor abnormalities are frequently reported, with hyperopia, myopia, astigmatism and anomalies of binocular vision, all showing a greater prevalence in deaf individuals compared with the general population. Near visual function in deaf individuals has been relatively neglected in the literature to date. Comparisons between studies are problematic due to differences in methodology and population characteristics. Any untreated visual defect has the potential to impair the development of language, with consequences for education more generally, and there is a need to improve screening and treatments of deaf children.

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“…When one of these is seriously impaired, the other is used to compensate the disability, so the deaf population may compensate by making greater use of visual-perceptual cues than their normal hearing peers, and thus even a mild refractive error may reduce the visual cues available to the deaf mute person. [1]…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[2–8] Therefore, particular attention must be paid to ocular abnormalities in deaf children, as their early detection and proper treatment are the best assurances for the maximum possible social and professional performance of these students. [1]…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual impairment in the hearing impaired students

Gogate

Rishikeshi

Mehata

et al. 2009

Indian J Ophthalmol

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Background:Ocular problems are more common in children with hearing problems than in normal children. Neglected visual impairment could aggravate educational and social disability.Aim:To detect and treat visual impairment, if any, in hearing-impaired children.Setting and Design:Observational, clinical case series of hearing-impaired children in schools providing special education.Materials and Methods:Hearing-impaired children in selected schools underwent detailed visual acuity testing, refraction, external ocular examination and fundoscopy. Ocular motility testing was also performed. Teachers were sensitized and trained to help in the assessment of visual acuity using Snellen's E charts. Refractive errors and squint were treated as per standard practice.Statistical Analysis:Excel software was used for data entry and SSPS for analysis.Results:The study involved 901 hearing-impaired students between four and 21 years of age, from 14 special education schools. A quarter of them (216/901, 24%) had ocular problems. Refractive errors were the most common morbidity 167(18.5%), but only 10 children were using appropriate spectacle correction at presentation. Fifty children had visual acuity less than 20/80 at presentation; after providing refractive correction, this number reduced to three children, all of whom were provided low-vision aids. Other common conditions included strabismus in 12 (1.3%) children, and retinal pigmentary dystrophy in five (0.6%) children.Conclusion:Ocular problems are common in hearing-impaired children. Screening for ocular problems should be made mandatory in hearing-impaired children, as they use their visual sense to compensate for the poor auditory sense.

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Differential Effects of Various Causes of Deafness on the Eyes, Refractive Errors, and Vision of Children

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Do Deaf People See Better? Texture Segmentation and Visual Search Compensate in Adult but Not in Juvenile Subjects

Do Deaf People See Better? Texture Segmentation and Visual Search Compensate in Adult but Not in Juvenile Subjects

Visual performance and ocular abnormalities in deaf children and young adults: a literature review

Visual impairment in the hearing impaired students

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