Differential expression of fatty acid synthase genes, Acl, Fat and Kas, in Capsicum fruit

Aluru, Maneesha; Mazourek, Michael; Landry, Laurie G.; Curry, Jeanne; Jahn, Molly M.; O’Connell, Mary A.

doi:10.1093/jxb/erg176

Cited by 99 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…In comparison, the pungent cultivar 'Demon Red' exhibited abundant levels of Pun1 mRNA. This is consistent with the hypothesis that the level of transcripts accumulating for capsaicinoid-associated genes positively correlates with the level of pungent compounds (Aluru et al, 2003;Curry et al, 1999). The loss of transcription in 'Wonder Bell' (pun1 1 ) has been attributed to a 2.5-kb deletion in the putative promoter region and exon 1.…”

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confidence: 88%

Non-pungency in a Japanese Chili Pepper Landrace (Capsicum annuum) is Caused by a Novel Loss-of-function Pun1 Allele

et al. 2017

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Pungency in peppers is due to the presence of the alkaloid capsaicin and its analogues, collectively known as capsaicinoids. These compounds are only produced in the Capsicum genus and function as deterrents to mammals from consuming the pepper fruits. Pungency in pepper is qualitatively controlled by the Pun1 locus, which encodes a putative acyltransferase enzyme. Mutations in the Pun1 gene result in a loss of pungency, and several Pun1 loss-of-function alleles have been identified in sweet peppers to date (pun1 [1][2][3] ). However, variations in pun1 alleles have not been completely elucidated. In the present study, we report a new type of loss-of-function pun1 allele, named pun1 4 , in a Japanese sweet pepper cultivar, 'Nara Murasaki' (C. annuum). Sequence analysis at the Pun1 locus revealed that this type of Pun1 allele is caused by a single adenine nucleotide insertion in the second exon region. This insertion is unique to 'Nara Murasaki' and is not present in wild-type Pun1. This insertion causes a frameshift mutation and a change in the amino acid sequence, resulting in a truncated protein. The results of gene expression analysis indicated that the expression of Pun1 in 'Nara Murasaki' was hardly detectable, while the transcripts of this gene were strongly expressed in a pungent cultivar. In a co-segregation test, the pun1 4 genotype perfectly co-segregated with non-pungency in 103 F 2 population plants of a cross between 'Nara Murasaki' and a pungent cultivar. 'Nara Murasaki' and a DNA marker to distinguish the pun1 4 allele will be informative for understanding the domestication process of sweet peppers.

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supporting

confidence: 88%

Non-pungency in a Japanese Chili Pepper Landrace (Capsicum annuum) is Caused by a Novel Loss-of-function Pun1 Allele

et al. 2017

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“…been shown to be highly expressed at 20 DPA and enriched in the placental dissepiment, coinciding with capsaicinoid accumulation (Aluru et al, 2003;Stewart et al, 2005). Recovery of transcripts predicted by our model from this tissue would be consistent with functions related to capsaicinoid biosynthesis.…”

Section: Candidate Gene Sequencessupporting

confidence: 70%

“…While progress has been made in the identification and analysis of genes and proteins found in the historical conceptualization of capsaicinoid biosynthesis (Curry et al, 1999;Kim et al, 2001;Aluru et al, 2003;Lee et al, 2006), the overall capsaicinoid metabolic scheme has not been updated in light of revisions of related pathways in other organisms or considered in terms of its cellular context (Fig. 2).…”

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confidence: 99%

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A Dynamic Interface for Capsaicinoid Systems Biology

et al. 2009

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(M.M.J.) Capsaicinoids are the pungent alkaloids that give hot peppers (Capsicum spp.) their spiciness. While capsaicinoids are relatively simple molecules, much is unknown about their biosynthesis, which spans diverse metabolisms of essential amino acids, phenylpropanoids, benzenoids, and fatty acids. Pepper is not a model organism, but it has access to the resources developed in model plants through comparative approaches. To aid research in this system, we have implemented a comprehensive model of capsaicinoid biosynthesis and made it publicly available within the SolCyc database at the SOL Genomics Network (http://www.sgn.cornell.edu). As a preliminary test of this model, and to build its value as a resource, targeted transcripts were cloned as candidates for nearly all of the structural genes for capsaicinoid biosynthesis. In support of the role of these transcripts in capsaicinoid biosynthesis beyond correct spatial and temporal expression, their predicted subcellular localizations were compared against the biosynthetic model and experimentally determined compartmentalization in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). To enable their use in a positional candidate gene approach in the Solanaceae, these genes were genetically mapped in pepper. These data were integrated into the SOL Genomics Network, a clade-oriented database that incorporates community annotation of genes, enzymes, phenotypes, mutants, and genomic loci. Here, we describe the creation and integration of these resources as a holistic and dynamic model of the characteristic specialized metabolism of pepper.

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“…Studies on the biosynthetic pathway of capsaicinoids in pungent pepper indicated that phenylalanine and valine (or leucine) act as precursors in the synthesis of vanillylamine and acyl moieties, respectively, and that in the last step, capsaicinoids are formed by condensation of vanillylamine and C 7 to C 13 acyl moieties ( Fig. 1) (Fujiwake et al 1980, 1982, Suzuki et al 1981, Curry et al 1999, Aluru et al 2003, Blum et al 2003. More than 10 analogues of naturally occurring capsaicinoids have been recognized in pungent pepper fruits, of which capsaicin (N-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)-8-methyl-trans-6-nonenamide) is the most pungent compound.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Gene Encoding a Putative Acyl-transferase Involved in Pungency of Capsicum

et al. 2006

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Pungency in the fruit of pepper (Capsicum spp.) is due to the accumulation of capsaicinoids. We isolated two genes characterized as putative Capsicum acyl-transferase genes (Catf-1 and Catf-2) from the placenta of pungent pepper, which displayed consensus motifs of acyl-transferase, H***D and DFG*G. The expression pattern of Catf-1 coincided with the accumulation of capsaicinoids in pungent pepper. The Catf-1 was expressed in placenta of pungent pepper fruit, but not in other organs, such as leaf, flower, seed and pericarp. Accumulation of mRNA of Catf-1 varied with the developmental stages of the pungent pepper fruits. Genomic PCR and Southern blot studies revealed the presence of a sequence deletion at the 5′ end of the Catf-1 coding region in the non-pungent line. In the F 2 population obtained from a cross between a non-pungent strain ('mGTY-1') and a pungent strain ('277 long'), the genotype at the Catf-1 locus cosegregated with the phenotype for fruit pungency. These results suggest that Catf-1 is a candidate gene differentiating pungent from non-pungent peppers.

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Differential expression of fatty acid synthase genes, Acl, Fat and Kas, in Capsicum fruit

Cited by 99 publications

References 45 publications

Non-pungency in a Japanese Chili Pepper Landrace (<i>Capsicum annuum</i>) is Caused by a Novel Loss-of-function <i>Pun1</i> Allele

Non-pungency in a Japanese Chili Pepper Landrace (<i>Capsicum annuum</i>) is Caused by a Novel Loss-of-function <i>Pun1</i> Allele

A Dynamic Interface for Capsaicinoid Systems Biology

A Gene Encoding a Putative Acyl-transferase Involved in Pungency of Capsicum

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