Differential expression of the corticosteroid receptors GR1, GR2 and MR in rainbow trout organs with slow release cortisol implants

Teles, Mariana; Tridico, Rosa; Callol, A.; Fierro-Castro, Camino; Tort, L.

doi:10.1016/j.cbpa.2012.12.018

Cited by 42 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…After 5 days we see significant effects in spleen, probably related to leukocyte migration derived from the initial cortisol action at the head kidney where cortisol is synthesized and released and where hematopoiesis is also produced. Thus, these results also support previous data regarding the time-course effect of cortisol on corticosteroid receptors expression in fish tissues [32]. …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…after implantation when compared to their respective controls. After 10 days of implantation plasma cortisol was 27.7 ng/mL, meaning that plasma cortisol returned to basal levels, as this value was not significantly different from controls [20, 32]. The increase in cortisol levels after implantation were within a physiological and stress-relevant range allowing to study both acute and chronic effect of elevated cortisol levels.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Effects of Cortisol Administered through Slow-Release Implants on Innate Immune Responses in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Cortés

Teles

Tridico

et al. 2013

International Journal of Genomics

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Cortisol is a key hormone in the fish stress response with a well-known ability to regulate several physiological functions, including energy metabolism and the immune system. However, data concerning cortisol effects on fish innate immune system using a more controlled increase in cortisol levels isolated from any other stress related signaling is scarce. The present study describes the effect of doses of cortisol corresponding to acute and chronic levels on the complement and lysozyme activity in plasma of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). We also evaluated the effects of these cortisol levels (from intraperitoneally implanted hydrocortisone) on the mRNA levels quantified by RT-qPCR of selected key immune-related genes in the liver, head kidney, and spleen. For that purpose, 60 specimens of rainbow trout were divided in to two groups: a control group injected with a coconut oil implant and another group injected with the same implant and cortisol (50 μg cortisol/g body weight). Our results demonstrate the role of cortisol as a modulator of the innate immune response without the direct contribution of other stress axes. Our results also show a relationship between the complement and lysozyme activity in plasma and mRNA levels in liver, supporting the important role of this organ in producing these immune system proteins after a rise of cortisol in the fish plasma.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effects of Cortisol Administered through Slow-Release Implants on Innate Immune Responses in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Cortés

Teles

Tridico

et al. 2013

International Journal of Genomics

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“…2005kokanee salmon: Carruth et al, 2000;carp: Stolte et al, 2008a;tilapia: Pepels et al, 2004) and the GR has been demonstrated to be active in feedback regulation of cortisol release (reviewed by Wendelaar Bonga, 1997, reviewed by Mommsen et al, 1999, Carruth et al, 2002, reviewed by Bernier et al, 2009. Recent studies suggest such involvement of GR1, GR2 or MR in HPI axis regulation: For example, following short-term (1 day) slow-release cortisol implantation in rainbow trout, Teles et al (2013) observed an increase in GR2 and MR expression in brain and interrenal gland, respectively. In Atlantic salmon parr exposed to acute stress, the three corticosteroid receptors were upregulated 1h after exposure to an acute air exposure stress (Madaro et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of the corticosteroid signalling system in rainbow trout HPI axis during confinement stress

Kiilerich

Servili

Perón

et al. 2018

General and Comparative Endocrinology

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This study aims to shed light on corticosteroid regulation of stress in teleost fish with focus on the corticosteroid signalling system. The role of the mineralocorticoid-like hormone 11-deoxycorticosterone (DOC) in fish is still enigmatic, as is the function of the mineralocorticoid receptor, MR. Low plasma DOC levels and ubiquitous tissue distribution of MR question the physiological relevance of the mineralocorticoid-axis. Furthermore, the particular purpose of each of the three corticosteroid receptors in fish, the glucocorticoid receptors, GR1 and GR2, and the MR, is still largely unknown. Therefore we investigate the regulation of cortisol and DOC in plasma and mRNA levels of MR, GR1 and GR2 in the HPI-axis tissues (hypothalamus, pituitary and interrenal gland) during a detailed confinement stress time-course. Here we show a sustained up-regulation of plasma DOC levels during a confinement stress time-course. However, the low DOC levels compared to cortisol measured in the plasma do not favour an activity of DOC through MR receptors. Furthermore, we show differential contribution of the CRs in regulation and control of HPI axis activity following confinement stress. Judged by the variation of mRNA levels negative feedback regulation of cortisol release occurs on the level of the pituitary via MR and on the level of the interrenal gland via GR2. Finally, asa significant effect of confinement stress on CR expressions was observed in the pituitary gland, we completed this experiment by demonstrating that corticosteroid receptors (GR1, GR2 and MR) are co-expressed in the ACTH cells located in the adenohypophysis. Overall, these data suggest the involvement of these receptors in the regulation of the HPI axis activity by cortisol.

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“…In the catfish, dexamethasone treatment suppressed the LPS-induced iNOS expression and NO production. Cortisol receptors have been described in fish immune cells and modulate pro-and anti-inflammatory agents (Weyts et al, 1998a;Stolte et al, 2006;Stolte et al, 2008;Teles et al, 2013). In brief, the phagocytic activity of the macrophages parallels NO production and is modulated by LPS and glucocorticoid in opposite direction.…”

Section: No Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Effects of Lipopolysaccharide and Stress Hormones on Phagocytosis and Nitric Oxide Production by Enriched Head Kidney Macrophage Cultures in the Catfish

Kumar

Joy

2018

Proceedings of the Indian National Science Academy

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Head kidney (HK) is the embryonic pronephric kidney retained in adult teleosts and contains the adrenal homologues (interrenal and chromaffin cells) and hemopoietic tissue. The adrenal homologues secrete the stress hormones glucorticoids (cortisol) and catecholamines, and the hemopoietic tissue is a major source of monocytes/macrophages and neutrophils that serve as the first line of defence against invading pathogens. In the present study, head kidney macrophage-enriched preparations of Heteropneustes fossilis were used to demonstrate the dynamics of phagocytosis and nitric oxide (NO) production in the presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS; bacterial toxin), the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone and/or catecholamines. The incubation of enriched macrophage cultures with LPS for 6 h at 20 o C stimulated phagocytosis of yeast cells and fluorescent latex beads. On the other hand, the cortisol agonist dexamethasone (10 nM) inhibited phagocytosis of yeast cells and latex beads under similar conditions. LPS stimulated inducible NO synthase (iNOS)-like expression in the macrophage cultures, which was inhibited by dexamethasone in co-incubations. Complementary to the iNOS expression, LPS stimulated NO production (nitrite level), which was inhibited by the NO synthase inhibitor L-NMMA. Dexamethasone inhibited basal as well as the LPS-induced stimulation of NO. The catecholamines epinephrine and norepinephrine did not alter the basal NO level but inhibited the LPS-induced stimulation of NO. Dopamine stimulated NO production only at a higher concentration. The results provide evidence for the existence of an endocrine-immune interaction at the level of the head kidney to modulate macrophage activity and immune functions in the catfish.

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Differential expression of the corticosteroid receptors GR1, GR2 and MR in rainbow trout organs with slow release cortisol implants

Cited by 42 publications

References 31 publications

Effects of Cortisol Administered through Slow-Release Implants on Innate Immune Responses in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Effects of Cortisol Administered through Slow-Release Implants on Innate Immune Responses in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Regulation of the corticosteroid signalling system in rainbow trout HPI axis during confinement stress

In Vitro Effects of Lipopolysaccharide and Stress Hormones on Phagocytosis and Nitric Oxide Production by Enriched Head Kidney Macrophage Cultures in the Catfish

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