Differential Expression of the Genes for the Mitochondrial and Cytosolic Forms of Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase<sup>a</sup>

Hod, Yaacov; Cook, Jonathan S.; Weldon, Sharon L.; Short, Jay M.; Wynshaw‐Boris, Anthony; Hanson, Richard W.

doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1986.tb15519.x

Cited by 43 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…In addition to tissue-specific expression, previous studies have shown that PEPCK gene transcription is regulated by multiple hormones, in accordance with the identification of distinct hormonal responsive elements in the 5'-flanking region of the gene (15,20,30). We have shown that gluco-* Corresponding author.…”

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confidence: 90%

“…Thus, hormonal control of PEPCK gene transcription is tissue specific. The PEPCK gene begins to be expressed in the kidney several days before birth and in the liver at birth (4,15,21,34). Therefore, the developmental onset of this expression is also tissue specific.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…PEPCK catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step of gluconeogenesis. The PEPCK gene is selectively expressed in the gluconeogenic liver and kidney cortex and in glyceroneogenic adipose tissue (4,15,34). PEPCK is encoded by a unique copy gene, whose transcription in all three PEPCK-expressing tissues is initiated from the same promoter (3,25).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Differential regulation of the rat phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene expression in several tissues of transgenic mice.

Eisenberger¹,

Nechushtan²,

Cohen³

et al. 1992

Mol. Cell. Biol.

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The selective expression of a unique copy gene in several mammalian tissues has been approached by studying the regulatory sequences needed to control expression of the rat phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) gene in transgenic mice. A transgene containing the entire PEPCK gene, including 2.2 kb of the 5'-flanking region and 0.5 kb of the 3'-flanking region, exhibits tissue-specific expression in the liver, kidney, and adipose tissue, as well as the hormonal and developmental regulation inherent to endogenous gene expression. Deletions of the 5'-flanking region of the gene have shown the need for sequences downstream of position -540 of the PEPCK gene for expression in the liver and sequences downstream of position -362 for expression in the kidney. Additional sequences upstream of position -540 (up to -2200) are required for expression in adipose tissue. In addition, the region containing the glucocorticoid-responsive elements of the gene used by the kidney was identified. This same sequence was found to be needed specifically for developmental regulation of gene expression in the kidney and, together with upstream sequences, in the intestine. The apparently distinct sequence requirements in the various tissues indicate that the tissues use different mechanisms for expression of the same gene.

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Differential regulation of the rat phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene expression in several tissues of transgenic mice.

Eisenberger¹,

Nechushtan²,

Cohen³

et al. 1992

Mol. Cell. Biol.

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“…Its cytosolic and mitochondrial forms are products of two separate genes and are equally distributed between intracellular compartments (Hod et al, 1986). In non-ruminants, the activity of PEPCK is directly regulated at the transcriptional level of the gene (O'Brien and Granner, 1990) and is markedly increased in fasted or diabetic animals and is reduced by high carbohydrate-feeding (Lemaigre and Rousseau, 1994) through nutrient-mediated and hormonally induced changes in specific regions of the PEPCK gene promoter (Pilkis and Granner, 1992).…”

Section: Pepck Mrna Expression and Regulation Of Gluconeogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of protein-free energy supplementation on blood metabolites, insulin and hepatic PEPCK gene expression in growing lambs offered rice straw-based diet

Zhang¹,

Chen²,

Li³

et al. 2009

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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Energy supplementation is important for ruminants consuming low quality forage-based diets to achieve a desired rate of gain (Bowman and Sanson, 1996). Most of the studies concerning energy supplementation to forage-based diet were focused on the associative effects in digestive tracts (Caton and Dhuyvetter, 1997;Bodine and Purvis, 2003;Lardy et al., 2004), while little attention has been paid to the effect of supplemental energy on glucose metabolism and protein status in body tissues. It is well known that the fermentation of readily fermentable energy in the rumen will result in enhanced production of volatile fatty acids and lactate ). These changes in end products of rumen fermentation would consequently influence blood glucose metabolism and endocrine (Sowinska et al., 2001;Sano and Fujita, 2006) ABSTRACT: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of increasing levels of protein-free energy supplementation on blood glucose, urea nitrogen, insulin and gene expression of hepatic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) in growing lambs offered rice straw-based diet. Thirty-six male Hu lambs (3.5 months old) were divided into four equal groups according to body weight. All animals were fed rice straw ad libitum and supplemented with cornstarch at levels of 0 (control), 60, 120, and 180 g/day, respectively, along with 160 g/day of rapeseed meal. The trial lasted for 60 days with the first 15 days for adaptation. Body weight change and feed intake were recorded. Blood samples were taken at different time points after feeding at the end of the trial, and analyzed for blood glucose, total protein, urea nitrogen and insulin. Liver samples were collected and analysed for the mRNA abundance of hepatic PEPCK. Increasing cornstarch showed a low effect on rice straw intake, but increased average daily gain of lambs significantly (P < 0.05). Blood glucose tended to increase with starch supplementation, but altered within a narrow range. Blood urea nitrogen was decreased significantly (P < 0.05) with increment in supplemental starch. Supplementation of starch at 120 or 180 g/day significantly increased the insulin concentration (P < 0.05) compared with the control. The abundance of cytosolic PEPCK (PEPCK-C) mRNA increased 2.47 times and 3.98 times with 60 and 120 g per day of starch supplementation compared with the control, respectively, while the supplementation of 180 g per day of starch showed a low effect on PEPCK-C gene expression (P > 0.05). Amounts of mitochondrial PEPCK (PEPCK-M) mRNA were not affected by the supplementation of starch at any level (P > 0.05). These results indicate that proper energy supplementation increases the expression of PEPCK-C, and consequently gluconeogenesis and blood glucose increase, while excessive energy may have an inhibitory effect on gluconeogenesis through insulin-involved mechanisms.

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“…Both PEPCK-C and PEPCK-M catalyze reversible GTP-dependent decarboxylation and conversion of oxaloacetate to phosphoenol-pyruvate (25). Although PEPCK-C is generally accepted to be the major form involved in regulation of gluconeogenesis, its role in glucose homeostasis is still not fully understood (26,27).…”

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confidence: 99%

Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activation by Dioxin Targets Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (PEPCK) for ADP-ribosylation via 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-inducible Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase (TiPARP)

Diani-Moore

Zhang

Ram

et al. 2013

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Background: 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-activated aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) decreases gluconeogenesis by suppressing phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) transcription via TCDD-inducible poly(ADPribose)-polymerase (TiPARP). Results: AHR enhances PEPCK ADP-ribosylation through TiPARP, and AHR suppression increases ADP-ribosylation PARP-independently. Conclusion: ADP-ribosylation, a new PEPCK posttranslational modification, is subject to complex regulation by the AHR. Significance: AHR gene activation leads to ADP-ribosylation of PEPCK with implications for energy metabolism beyond TCDD toxicity.

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Differential Expression of the Genes for the Mitochondrial and Cytosolic Forms of Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase^a

Cited by 43 publications

References 92 publications

Differential regulation of the rat phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene expression in several tissues of transgenic mice.

Differential regulation of the rat phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene expression in several tissues of transgenic mice.

Effects of protein-free energy supplementation on blood metabolites, insulin and hepatic PEPCK gene expression in growing lambs offered rice straw-based diet

Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activation by Dioxin Targets Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (PEPCK) for ADP-ribosylation via 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-inducible Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase (TiPARP)

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Differential Expression of the Genes for the Mitochondrial and Cytosolic Forms of Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinasea

Cited by 43 publications

References 92 publications

Differential regulation of the rat phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene expression in several tissues of transgenic mice.

Differential regulation of the rat phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene expression in several tissues of transgenic mice.

Effects of protein-free energy supplementation on blood metabolites, insulin and hepatic PEPCK gene expression in growing lambs offered rice straw-based diet

Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activation by Dioxin Targets Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (PEPCK) for ADP-ribosylation via 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-inducible Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase (TiPARP)

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Differential Expression of the Genes for the Mitochondrial and Cytosolic Forms of Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase^a