Differential Expression of the Nonmuscle-type Cofilin Gene between Subcutaneous and Visceral Adipose Tissue

Choi, Ki-Choon; Roh, Sanggun; Hishikawa, Daisuke; Miyahara, Hisae; Kuno, Masaaki; Tsuzuki, Hiroaki; Tomimatsu, Ai; Hong, Yeonhee; Cho, Kwang-Keun; Han, Kyung-Ho; Sasaki, Shinichi

doi:10.1271/bbb.67.2262

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It modulates the formation of F‐actin microfilaments by sequestering the monomeric G‐actin. Our results as well as those of other groups (Choi et al, 2003; Puskás et al, 2004) suggest that structural proteins play a role in the cytoskeletal dynamics of subcutaneous adipose tissues cells. However, further studies need to be conducted to achieve a better understanding of the function of structural proteins in adipose tissues.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…A recent report indicated that annexin II phosphorylation has an essential role in regulating cofilin‐dependent actin cytoskeletal dynamics in the context of cell scattering and branching morphogenesis (de Graauw et al, 2008). In cattle, the amount of non‐muscle‐type cofilin mRNA was greater in subcutaneous adipose tissues than in visceral adipose tissues (Choi et al, 2003). In addition, expression levels of the thymosin beta 4 gene were 5.6‐ and 1.5‐fold higher ( P <0.05), as measured by the SAGE method and RT‐PCR respectively, in subcutaneous adipose tissues compared with intramuscular adipose tissues.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Comparison of gene expression profiling between bovine subcutaneous and intramuscular adipose tissues by serial analysis of gene expression

Bong

Cho

Baik

2010

Cell Biology International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The deposition of intramuscular adipose fat is an important factor in the quality of beef, particularly in Korean cattle and Japanese cattle. A better understanding of the differential mechanisms regulating the deposition and release of fat between intramuscular and external adipose tissues, particularly subcutaneous adipose tissues, would prove vital in understanding the deposition of intramuscular fat. A SAGE (serial analysis of gene expression) method was used to identify functionally active genes in adipose tissues and to compare the global gene expression profile between the subcutaneous and the intramuscular adipose tissues in Korean cattle. We detected 11268 tags, representing 3761 transcripts in the SAGE library of the subcutaneous adipose tissues. We detected 10830 tags, representing 2918 transcripts in the intramuscular adipose tissues. Comparison of gene expression patterns between subcutaneous adipose tissues and intramuscular adipose tissues revealed that 82 genes were differentially expressed at >2-fold levels. Among them, expression levels of 50 genes were higher in subcutaneous adipose tissues compared with intramuscular tissues, whereas those of 32 genes were higher in intramuscular adipose tissues. The genes that displayed >2-fold higher expression in subcutaneous adipose tissues included secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine, annexin II, thyroid hormone receptor interactor 1, ferritin heavy chain polypeptide 1, cofilin, diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase and thymosin beta 4. Those that showed >2-fold higher expression levels in intramuscular adipose tissues included troponin t3, heat shock 70 kDa protein 1 and NMT2 (N-myristoyltransferase 2). Expression patterns of NMT2 and troponin t3 genes were examined during differentiation of 3T3-LI preadipocytes. NMT2 gene was actively expressed at both the growing stage of preadipocytes and the initial stage of differentiation of 3T3-L1 adipocytes, but its expression was reduced at the active stage of adipocyte differentiation. Troponin t3 gene was not expressed at the growing stage of preadipocyte, but it was actively expressed during differentiation of adipocytes. This implies that troponin t3 may play a positive role in intramuscular fat deposition of beef. Our SAGE experiment provides a differential gene expression profile in subcutaneous and intramuscular adipose tissues of Korean cattle. This information will be useful in developing method(s) to produce high-marble beef.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of gene expression profiling between bovine subcutaneous and intramuscular adipose tissues by serial analysis of gene expression

Bong

Cho

Baik

2010

Cell Biology International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The current study demonstrates that specific proteins regulating actin polymerization (Cofilin2 and destrin) are induced in adipocytes. Previous studies have demonstrated the presence of Cofilin in adipose tissue (32). In addition, there is an induction of cytoskeletal proteins associated with the smooth muscle phenotype (transgelins and myosin light chain alkali).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Proteomic Analysis of Primary Cultures of Human Adipose-derived Stem Cells

DeLany

Floyd

Zvonic

et al. 2005

Molecular & Cellular Proteomics

132

128

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Adipogenesis plays a critical role in energy metabolism and is a contributing factor to the obesity epidemic. This study examined the proteome of primary cultures of human adipose-derived adult stem (ADAS) cells as an in vitro model of adipogenesis. Protein lysates obtained from four individual donors were compared before and after adipocyte differentiation by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and tandem mass spectroscopy. Over 170 individual protein features in the undifferentiated adipose-derived adult stem cells were identified. Following adipogenesis, over 40 proteins were up-regulated by >2-fold, whereas 13 showed a >3-fold reduction. The majority of the modulated proteins belonged to the following functional categories: cytoskeleton, metabolic, redox, protein degradation, and heat shock protein/chaperones. Additional immunoblot analysis documented the induction of four individual heat shock proteins and confirmed the presence of the heat shock protein 27 phosphoserine 82 isoform, as predicted by the proteomic analysis, as well as the crystallin ␣ phosphorylated isoforms. These findings suggest that the heat shock protein family proteome warrants further investigation with respect to the etiology of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Molecular & Cellular Proteomics 4:731-740, 2005.Obesity is a health problem of epidemic proportions. It is estimated that in 2000 over 60% of adults are overweight (BMI 1 Ͼ 25) and that 30% are obese (BMI Ͼ 30); this compares to levels of 46 and 14%, respectively, in 1980. Obesity and increased adiposity are associated clinically with the onset of insulin resistance, dysfunctional glucose sensing and utilization, hypertension, and hypertriglyceridemia, all contributing to the pathologic sequelae of type 2 diabetes. Paradoxically type 2 diabetes also occurs in patients with inherited or acquired forms of lipodystrophy or loss of adipose tissue depots (1, 2). Lipodystrophy occurs through defects in genes associated with triglyceride metabolism or as a consequence of antiretroviral therapy in human immunodeficiency viruspositive patients (1, 2). Animal models confirm these clinical observations; multiple strains of transgenic mice with a lipodystrophic phenotype exhibit type 2 diabetes (3-5). Diabetes in these animals responds not to insulin therapy but to transplantation of subcutaneous adipose tissue or to leptin treatment (3-5). These clinical and experimental observations have led to the hypothesis that a failure in adipocyte differentiation is a critical etiologic factor leading to type 2 diabetes (6 -8). Danforth (6) and others postulate that in obese individuals adipose tissue depots have already committed all of their stem cell reserves to the adipocyte lineage and have lost their capacity to create new adipocytic cells (6 -8). In the face of excess energy balance, both obese and lipodystrophic individuals deposit triglycerides in ectopic sites, such as muscle and liver, thereby contributing to the metabolic dysfunction associated with type 2 diabetes (increased hepatic glucon...

show abstract

“…Because the extracellular matrix is linked to the nucleus by cytoskeletal fibers that facilitate hormonal signal transduction (4), during adipose tissue enlargement, structural changes take place that may affect cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix protein expression. With regard to this, our previous results showed that cytoskeletal nonmuscle-type cofilin is differentially expressed in visceral fat and may play a role in lipid accumulation (10). Although the function of prefoldin-5 is still unclear, the differential expression of prefoldin-5 in fat depots may indicate that the cytoskeleton can affect cell morphology and may also be a factor in the etiology of interspecies differences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Identification of genes expressed differentially in subcutaneous and visceral fat of cattle, pig, and mouse

Hishikawa

Hong

Roh

et al. 2005

Physiological Genomics

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The factors that control fat deposition in adipose tissues are poorly understood. It is known that visceral adipose tissues display a range of biochemical properties that distinguish them from adipose tissues of subcutaneous origin. However, we have little information on gene expression, either in relation to fat deposition or on interspecies variation in fat deposition. The first step in this study was to identify genes expressed in fat depot of cattle using the differential display RT-PCR method. Among the transcripts identified as having differential expression in the two adipose tissues were cell division cycle 42 homolog (CDC42), prefoldin-5, decorin, phosphate carrier, 12S ribosomal RNA gene, and kelch repeat and BTB domain containing 2 (Kbtbd2). In subsequent experiments, we determined the expression levels of these latter genes in the pig and in mice fed either a control or high-fat diet to compare the regulation of fat accumulation in other animal species. The levels of CDC42 and decorin mRNA were found to be higher in visceral adipose tissue than in subcutaneous adipose tissue in cattle, pig, and mice. However, the other genes studied did not show consistent expression patterns between the two tissues in cattle, pigs, and mice. Interestingly, all genes were upregulated in subcutaneous and/or visceral adipose tissues of mice fed the high-fat diet compared with the control diet. The data presented here extend our understanding of gene expression in fat depots and provide further proof that the mechanisms of fat accumulation differ significantly between animal species. differential display and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction; fat depot THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF ADIPOSE TISSUE, subcutaneous and visceral. Recent studies indicate that adipocytes in these two fat depots show differences in basal metabolic properties, for example, in regulating volume, lipid composition, and so on (22,24). There is considerable current interest in visceral adipose tissue because of its relationship with various diseases such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and syndrome X. There are a number of potential reasons why visceral adipose tissue may contribute to abnormalities in metabolism; among these are its anatomical site and pattern of venous drainage, and the presence of intrinsic and unique features of visceral adipocytes. The venous drainage of visceral adipose tissue is via the portal system, directly providing free fatty acid as a substrate for hepatic lipoprotein metabolism and glucose production (16,22,24). Additionally, in vitro studies using labeled tracers have demonstrated that visceral adipocytes have higher rates of lipid turnover than subcutaneous adipose tissue (19,20).Fat depot metabolism is also of importance in the commercial rearing of livestock such as cattle and pigs. One of the most important themes in the animal industry is the production of high quality meat at low cost. A better understanding of the specific accumulation mechanisms of fat depots should c...

show abstract

Differential Expression of the Nonmuscle-type Cofilin Gene between Subcutaneous and Visceral Adipose Tissue

Cited by 9 publications

References 15 publications

Comparison of gene expression profiling between bovine subcutaneous and intramuscular adipose tissues by serial analysis of gene expression

Comparison of gene expression profiling between bovine subcutaneous and intramuscular adipose tissues by serial analysis of gene expression

Proteomic Analysis of Primary Cultures of Human Adipose-derived Stem Cells

Identification of genes expressed differentially in subcutaneous and visceral fat of cattle, pig, and mouse

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About