Differential extractability of calcium and pectic substances in different wall regions of epicotyl cells in young flax plants.

Jauneau, Alain; Morvan, C.; Lefebvre, Fabrice; Demarty, Mauríce; Ripoll, Camille; Thellier, Michel

doi:10.1177/40.8.1377735

Cited by 36 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Chelator treatment removes pectins essentially from cell junctions and the primary wall (designated as the E-compartment) (Jauneau et al 1992), while the subsequent hot alkali or cellulase treatment releases cross-linked pectic galactans from the secondary wall (designated as the C-compartment) (Girault et al 1997). The most remarkable feature is the presence of two very similar structures in both compartments.…”

Section: Pectic Galactans In Mature Fibresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary cell-wall assembly in flax phloem fibres: role of galactans

Горшкова

Morvan

2005

Planta

117

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Non-lignified fibre cells (named gelatinous fibres) are present in tension wood and the stems of fibre crops (such as flax and hemp). These cells develop a very thick S2 layer within the secondary cell wall, which is characterised by (1) cellulose microfibrils largely parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cell, and (2) a high proportion of galactose-containing polymers among the non-cellulosic polysaccharides. In this review, we focus on the role of these polymers in the assembly of gelatinous fibres of flax. At the different stages of fibre development, we analyse in detail data based on sugar composition, linkages of pectic polymers, and immunolocalisation of the beta-(1-->4)-galactans. These data indicate that high molecular-mass gelatinous galactans accumulate in specialised Golgi-derived vesicles during fibre cell-wall thickening. They consist of RG-I-like polymers with side chains of beta-(1-->4)-linked galactose. Most of them are short, but there are also long chains containing up to 28 galactosyl residues. At fibre maturity, two types of cross-linked galactans are identified, a C-L structure that resembles the part of soluble galactan with long side chains and a C-S structure with short chains. Different possibilities for soluble galactan to give rise to C-L and C-S are analysed. In addition, we discuss the prospect for the soluble galactan in preventing the newly formed cellulose chains from completing immediate crystallisation. This leads to a hypothesis that firstly the secretion of soluble galactans plays a role in the axial orientation of cellulose microfibrils, and secondly the remodelling and cross-linking of pectic galactans are linked to the dehydration and the assembly of S2 layer.

show abstract

Section: Pectic Galactans In Mature Fibresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary cell-wall assembly in flax phloem fibres: role of galactans

Горшкова

Morvan

2005

Planta

117

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The subtractive methods which we have used in these works are complementary to these immunolabelling methods. They are well adapted to be correlated to the study of the distribution of calcium and other mineral cations by ionic imaging (Jauneau et al, 1992), and they yield direct information concerning the nature of the chemical bonds within the wall.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In adult flax plants, the main pectic substances in the fibre bundles are rhamnogalacturonan I (Morvan et al, 1989;Morvan et al, 1990a) and homogalacturonan blocks with partially acetylesterified galacturonic acids bearing neutral side-chains of ]3(1-4) galactan (Davis et al, 1990), whereas the wall pectins in the cortical tissues are chiefly made of homogalacturonan with an average degree of esterification equal to 40% (Morvan et aI., 1990b). Using subtractive 0018-2214 9 1994 Chapman & Hall techniques, it has been shown (Jauneau et al, 1992) that the polysaccharides present in the tricellular junctions of mature fibre bundles can be solubilized using calcium chelators but not with boiling water. We have thus used the same subtractive methods, plus another subtractive method consisting of an enzymic attack of the tissues by free endopolygalacturonase, in order to study the characteristics of the polysaccharides existing in the tricellular junctions of the fibre cells in the hypocotyl of very young flax plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polysaccharide distribution in the cellular junctions of immature fibre cells of flax seedlings

Jauneau¹,

Cabin-Flaman²,

Morvan³

et al. 1994

Histochem J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The characteristic features of the pectins present in the walls of immature fibre cells of the hypocotyl of flax seedlings have been studied by a combination of three subtractive methods (treatment with boiling water, calcium chelator, and free endopolygalacturonase), three staining reactions (periodic acid-thiocarbohydrazide-silver, Ruthenium Red, and ferric hydroxylamine) and labelling with an endopolygalacturonase-gold probe. The primary wall and the periphery of the tricellular junctions were shown to contain pectic molecules made of blocks either with free acidic functions or methyl-esterified, these molecules being removed from the wall by splitting alpha (1-4) linkages. On the contrary, the pectic molecules in the core of the tricellular junctions were mainly with free acidic groups, but with an appreciable acetylesterification of their hydroxyl groups; and they were linked with one another chiefly by calcium bonds. This unexpected constitution of the core of the tricellular junctions may be considered to be an early marker of the cells destined to give rise to the fibre bundles of the mature plant.

show abstract

“…This was not surprising as HGs have the capacity to bind calcium ions thereby forming calcium pectates, which ensure the intercellular cohesion of adjacent cells (Goldberg et al 1996). Calcium ions were abundantly detected in these regions in both young and mature fibers (Jauneau et al 1992;Ripoll et al 1993;His et al unpublished results). In contrast, the segregation of the location for cationic gold and JIM5/PGA-RG I binding was surprising because these two probes should target the same component.…”

Section: Location Of Wall Polymersmentioning

confidence: 95%

Microscopic Studies on Mature Flax Fibers Embedded in LR White

His

Andème‐Onzighi

Morvan

et al. 2001

J Histochem Cytochem.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

S U M M A R YFlax fibers have been the subject of many biochemical studies, which revealed that cellulose and pectins are the major constituents of their walls. In contrast, little is known about the location of these polymers within the walls of mature fibers by microscopic methods. This has been technically hampered by the very thick secondary wall of fibers, resulting in inadequate tissue preservation unsuitable for immunogold microscopy. In this study, we adapted the basic chemical fixation, dehydration and infiltration methods to achieve a good preservation of the cell structures of mature fibers and reduced damage to antigens. We were able to apply postembedding immunocytochemical techniques to map the location of various pectic epitopes within the walls of mature fibers. Our immunolabeling data show that homogalacturonans were exclusively found in the middle lamellae and the cell junctions but were not detectable in the secondary wall. In contrast, rhamnogalacturonan I (RG I)-associated epitopes, as well as galactan and arabinan epitopes, were abundantly distributed over the secondary wall of mature fibers.

show abstract

Differential extractability of calcium and pectic substances in different wall regions of epicotyl cells in young flax plants.

Cited by 36 publications

References 15 publications

Secondary cell-wall assembly in flax phloem fibres: role of galactans

Secondary cell-wall assembly in flax phloem fibres: role of galactans

Polysaccharide distribution in the cellular junctions of immature fibre cells of flax seedlings

Microscopic Studies on Mature Flax Fibers Embedded in LR White

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About