Differential healing response of bone adjacent to porous implants coated with hydroxyapatite and 45S5 bioactive glass

Abstract

This study tested the hypothesis that the rate and the extent of bone formation adjacent to porous, coated Ti-6Al-4V implants are differentially affected by the type of bioactive ceramic coating. Forty-eight rabbits received cylindrical Ti-6Al-4V intramedullary distal femoral implants bilaterally. Implants for the right limbs were coated with 45S5 Bioglass (45S5). Implants used for the left limbs either were coated with tricalcium phosphate/hydroxyapatite (HA) or were left uncoated as controls (CTL). The 45S5-coated implants histologically and biomechanically were compared to HA-coated and CTL implants at 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks. After 12 and 16 weeks of healing, more bone and thicker trabeculae were measured histomorphometrically within the implant pores for the 45S5-coated implants compared to the HA-coated and CTL implants (p < 0.05). With time the HA-coated and CTL groups exhibited a significant decline in percent of bone and of trabecular thickness (p < 0.05) while the 45S5-coated implants did not. Biomechanical analyses indicated similar shear strengths for all treatment groups. In summary, 45S5-coated implants exhibited greater bone ingrowth compared to HA-coated and CTL implants, and they maintained their mechanical integrity over time.

Application of magnetron sputtering for producing bioactive ceramic coatings on implant materials

“…These advantages make bioactive glasses promising coating materials for bone tissue engineering. 45S5-coated implants exhibited greater bone ingrowth compared with HA-coated implants, and they maintained their mechanical integrity over time (Wheeler et al 2001). And the biological performance of the BG/HA sputter coating is more excellent .…”

Polymer/bioactive glass nanocomposites for biomedical applications: A review

“…In this context, bioactive silicate glasses exhibit several advantages in comparison to other bioactive ceramics, e.g. sintered hydroxyapatite.. For example, it has been demonstrated that dissolution products from bioactive glasses upregulate the expression of genes that control osteogenesis [19], which explains the higher rate of bone formation in comparison to other inorganic ceramics such as hydroxyapatite [26]. Further studies using 45S5 Bioglass® particles have shown encouraging results regarding potential angiogenic effects of Bioglass®, i.e.…”

Novel Biodegradable Polymer/Bioactive Glass Composites for Tissue Engineering Applications

“…[6] Accordingly, many polymers are presently being investigated as host matrices for carbon nanotubes and the resulting composites are being assessed for a number of properties: flame-retardant behavior, [7] electrical and optical conductivity, [8,9] and electrostatic charging behavior. [10] Recent experimental [2,11,12] and theoretical [13,14] studies have demonstrated that individual nanotubes have extremely high Young's modulus (about 1.2 TPa), good stiffness, and flexibility. Moreover, mechanical properties (bending modulus) depend on the quality [15] and the diameter [16] of the multiwalled nanotubes.…”