Differential Heat Treatment of the &lt;I&gt;Nitella&lt;/I&gt; Internodal Cell and Its Relation to Cytoplasmic Streaming

Chen, James C. W.; Kamiya, Nobuo

doi:10.1247/csf.6.201

Cited by 21 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The curves represent coincubation of APM (20 #g/ml) and cytochalasin D (20 I~M) with cells for 30 rain before measurement (-q3-), treatment of cells at 47.5°C for 2 rain in the presence of Mg 2÷ (100 raM) (4-), incubation of cells with APM (20 #g/ml) for 30 rain before addition of Mg 2÷ (I00 raM) (-m-), and incubation of cells with ¢ytochalasin D (20 ttM) for 30 re.in before addition of Mg ~* (100 raM) (-<>-). treatment can modify the organization of structural components of the cytoskeleton (Traas et al, 1987;Falconer and Seagull, 1987;Chen and Kaniya, 1981), we next examined their ability to block the tension that was induced by Mg 2+. As shown in Fig.…”

Section: Cell Optical Displacement Assay: a Dynamic In Vivo Measuremementioning

confidence: 99%

Lipids trigger changes in the elasticity of the cytoskeleton in plant cells: a cell optical displacement assay for live cell measurements.

Grabski

Xie

Holland

et al. 1994

The Journal of Cell Biology

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Abstract. An assay has been developed to quantitatively measure the tension and elasticity of the cytoskeleton in living plant cells. The cell optical displacement assay (CODA) uses a focused laser beam to optically trap and displace transvacuolar and cortical strands through a defined distance within the cell. Results from these experiments provide evidence for the classification of at least two rheologically distinct cytoskeletal assemblies, cortical and transvacuolar, that differ in their tension and response to both signaling molecules and reagents that perturb the cytoskeleton. It is further demonstrated that the tension of the transvacuolar strands can be significantly decreased by the addition of either linoleic acid, 1,2 dioctanoylsn-glycerol, or 1,3 dioctanoylglycerol. These decreases in tension could also be induced by lowering the cytoplasmic pH. In contrast, addition of Ca 2+, Mg 2+, or the ionophore A23187 to the cells caused a considerable increase in the tension of the transvacuolar strands. The data provides evidence that: (a) linoleic acid may be a signaling molecule in plant cells; (b) diacylglycerol functions as a signaling molecule through a protein kinase C-independent pathway mediated by PLA2; and (c) Ca 2+ and pH have regulatory roles for controlling cytoskeleton tension and organization.

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Section: Cell Optical Displacement Assay: a Dynamic In Vivo Measuremementioning

confidence: 99%

Lipids trigger changes in the elasticity of the cytoskeleton in plant cells: a cell optical displacement assay for live cell measurements.

Grabski

Xie

Holland

et al. 1994

The Journal of Cell Biology

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“… Kato and Tonomura (1977) purified myosin from Nitella . Chen and Kamiya (1975 , 1981 ) located myosin in the cell by moving cytoplasm into one half of the cell by centrifugation. If the half without cytoplasm was treated by SH reagent N -ethylmaleimide (NEM), or heat of 47.5°C, the subsequent streaming was not affected.…”

Section: One Plant – Many Experimental Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Scale Characean Experimental System: From Electrophysiology of Membrane Transporters to Cell-to-Cell Connectivity, Cytoplasmic Streaming and Auxin Metabolism

Beilby

2016

Front. Plant Sci.

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The morphology of characean algae could be mistaken for a higher plant: stem-like axes with leaf-like branchlets anchored in the soil by root-like rhizoids. However, all of these structures are made up of giant multinucleate cells separated by multicellular nodal complexes. The excised internodal cells survive long enough for the nodes to give rise to new thallus. The size of the internodes and their thick cytoplasmic layer minimize impalement injury and allow specific micro-electrode placement. The cell structure can be manipulated by centrifugation, perfusion of cell contents or creation of cytoplasmic droplets, allowing access to both vacuolar and cytoplasmic compartments and both sides of the cell membranes. Thousands of electrical measurements on intact or altered cells and cytoplasmic droplets laid down basis to modern plant electrophysiology. Furthermore, the giant internodal cells and whole thalli facilitate research into many other plant properties. As nutrients have to be transported from rhizoids to growing parts of the thallus and hormonal signals need to pass from cell to cell, Characeae possess very fast cytoplasmic streaming. The mechanism was resolved in the characean model. Plasmodesmata between the internodal cells and nodal complexes facilitate transport of ions, nutrients and photosynthates across the nodes. The internal structure was found to be similar to those of higher plants. Recent experiments suggest a strong circadian influence on metabolic pathways producing indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and serotonin/melatonin. The review will discuss the impact of the characean models arising from fragments of cells, single cells, cell-to-cell transport or whole thalli on understanding of plant evolution and physiology.

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“…By combining this method with treatment with N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) (Chen and Kamiya, 1975), cytochalasin B (CB) (Nagai and Kamiya, 1977) or supraoptimal temperature (Chen and Kamiya, 1981), myosin was shown to be localized in the flowing endoplasm and not in the stationary cortical layer, and the actin participating actively in producing the motive force was found to reside in the cortex. Using a somewhat different technique, Kamitsubo (1981) came to the same conclusion.…”

Section: Nitella Myosin-identification and Intracellular Localizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

III-5 Cytoplasmic Streaming

Kamiya

1984

Cell Struct. Funct.

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Differential Heat Treatment of the <I>Nitella</I> Internodal Cell and Its Relation to Cytoplasmic Streaming

Cited by 21 publications

References 15 publications

Lipids trigger changes in the elasticity of the cytoskeleton in plant cells: a cell optical displacement assay for live cell measurements.

Lipids trigger changes in the elasticity of the cytoskeleton in plant cells: a cell optical displacement assay for live cell measurements.

Multi-Scale Characean Experimental System: From Electrophysiology of Membrane Transporters to Cell-to-Cell Connectivity, Cytoplasmic Streaming and Auxin Metabolism

III-5 Cytoplasmic Streaming

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