Differential involvement of gustatory insular cortex and amygdala in the acquisition and retrieval of conditioned taste aversion in rats

Gallo, M.; Roldán, Gabriel; Bureš, Jan

doi:10.1016/s0166-4328(05)80328-6

Cited by 127 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

mentioning

confidence: 85%

“…However, tetrodotoxin inactivation of the amygdala after the gustatory stimulus, or before the visceral stimulus presentation, disrupts CTA memory formation (16). These results suggest that the amygdala does not play an important role in the initial processing of the taste signaling, but seems to be indispensable for processing the visceral stimulus (16,19).The finding that pharmacological manipulations, such as the injection of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists into the IC or amygdala, disrupts CTA (2,12,(20)(21)(22)(23) suggests that glutamate release in these structures may be critically involved in taste aversion memory formation. However, these results provide only indirect evidence for the involvement of IC and amygdala glutamatergic activity in taste memory formation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the structures involved in the initial phases of taste memory formation are the gustatory neocortex and amygdala (8). Thus, damage to either the gustatory insular cortex (IC) or amygdala in adult rats leads to impaired acquisition of CTA (6,7,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. However, the functional roles of IC and amygdala seem to be different during the phases of taste memory formation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Glutamatergic activity in the amygdala signals visceral input during taste memory formation

Miranda

Ferreira

Ramı́rez-Lugo

et al. 2002

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Conditioned taste aversion (CTA) is a learning paradigm in which an animal avoids a taste (conditioned stimulus) previously associated with visceral toxic effects [or unconditioned stimulus (US)]. Although many studies have implicated glutamate-mediated neurotransmission in memory consolidation of different types of learning tasks, including CTA, the exact role of this neurotransmitter system in memory formation is not known. Thus, we set out to determine whether glutamate mediates signaling of the US in CTA. We present evidence obtained by in vivo microdialysis that the US (i.p. injection of lithium chloride) induced a dramatic increase in glutamate release in the amygdala and a modest but significant release in the insular cortex. Moreover, CTA can be elicited by intra-amygdalar microinjections of glutamate; consequently, when glutamate is administered just before the presentation of a weak US, a clear CTA is induced. In contrast, the injection of glutamate alone or glutamate 2 h after the suboptimal US did not have any effect on the acquisition of CTA. These results indicate that glutamate activation of the amygdala can partially substitute the US in CTA, thus providing a clear indication that the amygdala conveys visceral information for this kind of memory.A number of studies (1-5) have implicated glutamatemediated transmission in consolidation of memory for different types of training, such as inhibitory avoidance, Morris water maze, and conditioned taste aversion (CTA). CTA is a learning paradigm in which the novel taste of food or drink (conditioned stimulus, CS) is paired with visceral signals of poisoning (unconditioned stimulus, US). Consequently, the animals avoid consuming the food or drink previously associated with toxic effects. CTA has unique properties; it is established after a single trial, permits long delays between stimuli presentation, and lasts for very long periods of time, even weeks. This feature makes it possible to separate the acquisition process into phases-CS presentation and US presentation-which can be studied independently under different experimental treatments (6).CTA is established by the interaction of brainstem, limbic, and neocortical structures underlying different phases of the acquisition storage and retrieval of gustatory memory (7). Among the structures involved in the initial phases of taste memory formation are the gustatory neocortex and amygdala (8). Thus, damage to either the gustatory insular cortex (IC) or amygdala in adult rats leads to impaired acquisition of CTA (6,7,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. However, the functional roles of IC and amygdala seem to be different during the phases of taste memory formation. Functional blockade of IC before taste presentation, but not between taste presentation and lithium chloride (LiCl) injection, blocks CTA (16, 18), suggesting that the gustatory cortex is involved in taste processing and͞or memory but is not necessary for processing the visceral signals of poisoning. Conversely, amygdala functional inactivation...

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 85%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Glutamatergic activity in the amygdala signals visceral input during taste memory formation

Miranda

Ferreira

Ramı́rez-Lugo

et al. 2002

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Furthermore, BLA lesions may impair taste neophobia [150] and arousal-induced taste neophobia, as well as passive avoidance [149]. Pharmacological BLA manipulations suggest a modulatory role in CTA after novel taste presentation, during visceral malaise and its association with the taste [193][194][195][196][197].…”

Section: The Role Of the Amygdala In Taste Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other studies have suggested that CTA memory acquisition in the IC requires an intact BLA [200] and combined IC and BLA reversible or permanent lesions induce stronger CTA impairment than IC or BLA lesions alone [130,193,[201][202][203].…”

Section: The Role Of the Amygdala In Taste Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Insular Cortex and the Amygdala: Shared Functions and Interactions

Moraga-Amaro¹,

Stehberg²

2012

The Amygdala - A Discrete Multitasking Manager

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Conditioned Taste Aversions

Chambers¹

2015

Handbook of Olfaction and Gustation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

When one becomes ill after consuming a meal, there is a propensity to target a particular taste as the cause of the illness. The qualities of the taste most likely targeted include more novel, less preferred, and higher protein content. This association between a particular taste and illness is a form of learning that is termed conditioned taste aversion (CTA). A consequence of the learned association is that the taste will become aversive. When experiencing the taste again, individuals will show aversive reactions such as expressions of loathing, will experience mimicked illness sensations such as nausea, and subsequently, will avoid further exposure to the taste. The ability to acquire CTA occurs across species and across ages within a species. In the rat animal model, however, age differences exist in the capability of acquiring CTAs when increasingly longer intervals are imposed between consumption of a novel sweet solution and onset of illness. Pups have a decreased ability compared to young adults while aged rats have an increased ability. Evidence suggests that the failure of pups to acquire CTA at longer intervals is due to an immature retrieval mechanism and the facilitated ability of aged rats is due to a compromised clock mechanism that tracks the passage of time. Learned taste-illness association serves the critical function of informing individuals of the toxic nature of certain foods, thus preventing further illness and potentially death. Additionally, it contributes to the hypophagia observed during cancer chemotherapy and may contribute to the hypophagia found while suffering from bacterial infection, chronic medical conditions such as cancer, and restrictive food intake disorders such as anorexia nervosa.

show abstract

Differential involvement of gustatory insular cortex and amygdala in the acquisition and retrieval of conditioned taste aversion in rats

Cited by 127 publications

References 33 publications

Glutamatergic activity in the amygdala signals visceral input during taste memory formation

Glutamatergic activity in the amygdala signals visceral input during taste memory formation

The Insular Cortex and the Amygdala: Shared Functions and Interactions

Conditioned Taste Aversions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About