Differential measurement scheme for Brillouin Optical Correlation Domain Analysis

Jeong, Ji Ho; Lee, Kwanil; Song, Kwang Yong; Jeong, Je‐Myung; Lee, Sang Bae

doi:10.1364/oe.20.027094

Cited by 80 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…While providing mm-scale resolution [26], initial B-OCDA was restricted to an unambiguous measurement range of a few hundreds of resolution points only, limited by the separation between neighboring periodic peaks. The measurement range was since extended using more elaborate frequency modulation profiles [27,28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-resolution long-reach distributed Brillouin sensing based on combined time-domain and correlation-domain analysis

Elooz¹,

Antman²,

Levanon³

et al. 2014

Opt. Express

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A new scheme for distributed Brillouin sensing of strain and temperature in optical fibers is proposed, analyzed and demonstrated experimentally. The technique combines between time-domain and correlation-domain analysis. Both Brillouin pump and signal waves are repeatedly co-modulated by a relatively short, high-rate phase sequence, which introduces Brillouin interactions in a large number of discrete correlation peaks. In addition, the pump wave is also modulated by a single amplitude pulse, which leads to a temporal separation between the generation of different peaks. The Brillouin amplification of the signal wave at individual peak locations is resolved in the time domain. The technique provides the high spatial resolution and long range of unambiguous measurement offered by correlation-domain Brillouin analysis, together with reduced acquisition time through the simultaneous interrogation of a large number of resolution points. In addition, perfect Golomb codes are used in the phase modulation of the two waves instead of random sequences, in order to reduce noise due to residual, off-peak Brillouin interactions. The principle of the method is supported by extensive numerical simulations. Using the proposed scheme, the Brillouin gain spectrum is mapped experimentally along a 400 m-long fiber under test with a spatial resolution of 2 cm, or 20,000 resolution points, with only 127 scans per choice of frequency offset between pump and signal. Compared with corresponding phase-coded, Brillouin correlation domain analysis schemes with equal range and resolution, the acquisition time is reduced by a factor of over 150. A 5 cm-long hot spot, located towards the output end of the pump wave, is properly identified in the measurements. The method represents a significant advance towards practical high-resolution and long range Brillouin sensing systems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-resolution long-reach distributed Brillouin sensing based on combined time-domain and correlation-domain analysis

Elooz¹,

Antman²,

Levanon³

et al. 2014

Opt. Express

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“…For noise suppression in data acquisition, we applied a differential measurement scheme that has been used for the BGS analysis in a Brillouin sensor [11]. A phase modulation (inset A in Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of stimulated Brillouin scattering in a few-mode fiber

Song

Kim

2013

Opt. Lett.

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Characterization of stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) in a few-mode fiber (FMF) is experimentally demonstrated, where the Brillouin gain spectrum (BGS) of intramodal or intermodal SBS is analyzed for different pump-probe pairs of four LP modes--LP(01), LP(11), LP(21), and LP(02) modes--guided in the fiber. A mode-division multiplexer composed of concatenated mode-selective couplers is applied for selective launching of each LP mode, and a differential measurement scheme is adopted for the analysis of the BGS. The intermodal SBS is observed in each pump-probe pair of different modes, and the Brillouin gain is measured to be within 14%-45% of that of the SBS between the LP(01) modes. The SBS threshold of each LP mode in the FMF is also evaluated.

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“…Another way to reduce the background spectrum was invented by Professor K. Y. Song et al [52], which is called the "differential measurement scheme" [52]. In this scheme, a phase modulator is introduced in either the pump or probe path.…”

Section: Differential Measurement Scheme To Reduce Background Spectrummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By subtracting the spectrum with the PM from the spectrum without the PM, the signal spectrum is featured, as shown in Figure 34c. This is the mechanism to reduce the background spectrum in the "differential modulation scheme" [52] or the "phase modulation scheme" [84]. Figure 33.…”

Section: Bocdr Systems With Performance Improvement Schemesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brillouin Optical Correlation-Domain Technologies Based on Synthesis of Optical Coherence Function as Fiber Optic Nerve Systems for Structural Health Monitoring

Hotate

2019

Applied Sciences

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Brillouin optical correlation-domain technologies are reviewed as “fiber optic nerve systems” for the health monitoring of large structures such as buildings, bridges, and aircraft bodies. The Brillouin scattering property is used as a sensing mechanism for strain and/or temperature. Continuous lightwaves are used in the technologies, and their optical coherence properties are synthesized to realize position-selective measurement. This coherence manipulation technology is called the “synthesis of optical coherence function (SOCF)”. By utilizing SOCF technologies, stimulated Brillouin scattering is generated position-selectively along the fiber, which is named “Brillouin optical correlation domain analysis (BOCDA)”. Spontaneous Brillouin scattering, which takes place at any portion along the fiber, can also be measured position-selectively by the SOCF technology. This is called “Brillouin optical correlation domain reflectometry (BOCDR)”. When we use pulsed lightwaves that have the position information, sensing performances, such as the spatial resolution, are inherently restricted due to the Brillouin scattering nature. However, in the correlation-domain technologies, such difficulties can be reduced. Superior performances have been demonstrated as distribution-sensing mechanisms, such as a 1.6-mm high spatial resolution, a fast measurement speed of 5000 points/s, and a 7000-με strain dynamic range, individually. The total performance of the technologies is also discussed in this paper. A significant feature of the technologies is their random accessibility to discrete multiple points that are selected arbitrarily along the fiber, which is not realized by the time domain pulsed-lightwave technologies. Discriminative and distributed strain/temperature measurements have also been realized using both the BOCDA technology and Brillouin dynamic grating (BDG) phenomenon, which are associated with the stimulated Brillouin scattering process. In this paper, the principles, functions, and applications of the SOCF, BOCDA, BOCDR, and BDG-BOCDA systems are reviewed, and their historical aspects are also discussed.

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Differential measurement scheme for Brillouin Optical Correlation Domain Analysis

Cited by 80 publications

References 13 publications

High-resolution long-reach distributed Brillouin sensing based on combined time-domain and correlation-domain analysis

High-resolution long-reach distributed Brillouin sensing based on combined time-domain and correlation-domain analysis

Characterization of stimulated Brillouin scattering in a few-mode fiber

Brillouin Optical Correlation-Domain Technologies Based on Synthesis of Optical Coherence Function as Fiber Optic Nerve Systems for Structural Health Monitoring

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