Differential Phase Contrast in X-Ray Microscopy

Palmer, J. R.; Morrison, G.C.

doi:10.1007/978-3-540-46887-5_63

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…See also Schmahl et al (1994) for a more recent implementation. Differential phase contrast has been demonstrated in a scanning microscope by Palmer & Morrison (1992), and Chapman (1995) has discussed implementations of phase-contrast methods on a scanning microscope. An advantage of phase contrast is that the contrast may be much higher than in photoabsorption maps, and hence the required dose may be less by a factor of six (Schmahl et al, 1994) depending on the wavelength and specimen geometry.…”

Section: Other Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

X-ray microscopy

Sayre

Chapman²

1995

Acta Crystallogr A Found Crystallogr

110

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The subject of X-ray microscopy (high-resolution X-ray imaging of general nonperiodic structures), an area in which much progress has been made in recent years, is reviewed. The main techniques are briefly described. Achievable performance levels, which for many years were highly speculative, can now be understood with fair accuracy in terms of basic X-ray and specimen properties, and techniques have progressed to the point where actual results are nearing those levels. In terms of specimen size and imaging resolution, X-ray microscopies lie between electron and light microscopy, and are thus suited to imaging extremely large and complex structures; in addition, they demand little or no specimen preparation, and can be used to observe local composition and chemical state as well as structure. Thus X-rays, which have played the leading role in imaging crystallizable materials, may also prove to be highly valuable in the imaging of very large non-crystalline structures. Throughout the treatment, attention is paid to the relationships connecting the subject with X-ray crystallography.

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Section: Other Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

X-ray microscopy

Sayre

Chapman²

1995

Acta Crystallogr A Found Crystallogr

110

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“…[1 + (r)]E(r) = 0, (3) with the constraint that (r) is small and its relative changes are much smaller then the x-ray wave number k. These conditions are fulfill for x-rays. So as k is large for x-rays (k 1010), the solution of (3) can be found by introducing the eikonal function which is position dependent optical path çz(r): E(r) E(r)exp[ikçr)].…”

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confidence: 88%

Phase image testing of the internal structure of x-ray transparent materials

Ingal

Beliaevskaya²

1998

SPIE Proceedings

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A new technique for imaging an inner structure of x-ray transparent materials and biomedical objects characterized by small density changes of their structure components is presented. The phase imaging is based on two principal phenomena -radiation refraction in a tested object and diffraction in highly perfect crystals used both for creation of an incident beam and for imaging. It is shown that a phase radiography providing possibilities of an opacification free investigation of biomedical objects soft tissues can be developed upon the technique reported here.

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“…The CTFs for the split, opposite quadrant and firstmoment detectors have been published before [33,36,44]; here we want to calculate the CTFs for the conditions of the simulations and experiments we describe below. We have used a Nickel ZP with a diameter of 80 mm, a central opaque stop with a diameter of 35 mm and an outermost zone width of dr N ¼ 30 nm [45].…”

Section: Calculated Transfer Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%