Differential Prey Vulnerability and Predator Selectivity: Effects of Evasive Prey on Bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) and Pumpkinseed (L. gibhosus) Predation

Vinyard, Gary L.

doi:10.1139/f80-276

Cited by 105 publications

(87 citation statements)

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“…As Vinyard (1980) observed in bluegills and pumpkin-seeds (Lepomis gibbosus), bluegills in this study foraged similarly in all plant densities and preferred slow or immobile prey. Diet preferences of a predator (Octopus bimaculatus) in the field are a combination of the relative food preference for a prey species as determined in laboratory studies as well as by the relative abundance of that prey in the field (Ambrose 1984).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Bluegill growth as modified by plant density: an exploration of underlying mechanisms

1992

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Summary.Bluegill (Lepomis macrochira) growth varies inconsistently with plant density. In laboratory and field experiments, we explored mechanisms underlying bluegill growth as a function of plant and invertebrate density. In the laboratory, bluegills captured more chironomids (Chironomus riparius) than damselflies (Enallagma spp. and Ischnura spp.), but energy intake per time spent searching did not differ between damselfly and chironomid treatments. From laboratory data, we described prey encounter rates as functions of plant and invertebrate density. In Clark Lake, Ohio, we created 0.05-ha mesocosms of inshore vegetation to generate macrophyte densities of 125, 270, and 385 stems/m 2 of Potamogeton and Ceratophyllum and added 46-mm bluegill (1/m 2 ). In these mesocosms, invertebrate density increased as a function of macrophyte density. Combining this function with encounter rate functions derived from laboratory data, we predicted that bluegill growth should peak at a high macrophyte density, greater than 1000 stems/m 2 , even though growth should change only slightly beyond 100 stems/m 2 . Consistent with our predictions, bluegills did not grow differentially, nor did their use of different prey taxa differ, across macrophyte densities in the field. Bluegills preferred chironomid pupae, which were relatively few in numbers but vulnerable to predation, whereas more cryptic, chironomid larvae, which were associated with vegetation but were relatively abundant, were eaten as encountered. Bluegills avoided physid snails, which were abundant. Contrary to previous work, vegetation did not influence growth or diet of bluegill beyond relatively low densities owing to the interaction between capture probabilities and macroinvertebrate densities.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Bluegill growth as modified by plant density: an exploration of underlying mechanisms

1992

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“…Unlike nematodes which generally reside deeper in the sediments than other meiofauna, many of the copepods are epibenthic, known to reside in the uppermost layers of the sediments and may rely on the sedimentwater interface for resources (Decho & Fleeger 1988, Palmer 198813). The copepods may possess other predator avoidance behaviors which include darting actions or even swimming into the water (Vinyard 1980). Indeed, some of the predator-associated decreases in abundance of copepods in these experiments may have been due to copepod entry into the water rather than consumption by fish (Palmer 1988a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Controls on the vertical distribution of meiobenthos in mud: field and flume studies with juvenile fish

Coull¹,

Palmer²,

Myers³

1989

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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We investigated the influence of the bottom-feedmg fish Leiostomus xanthurus Lacepede on the vertical microdistribution of meiobenthos. Sectioned cores which were taken at low tide in the field did not exhibit evidence that fish, which had foraged 3 to 4 h earlier, affected the vertical distribution of meiofauna. However, field cores collected where fish were feeding did show reductions in meiofaunal abundances in the top 2 mm of sediment. Controlled flume experiments also showed that fish influenced the vertical distribution of meiofauna. For copepods, copepod nauplii and foraminlferans, reductions in abundances occurred in the top 4 mm of sediments due to fish consumption and/or migration into the water. For nematodes, reductions in the top 2mm occurred due to mortality (but not necessarily consumption by fish), as well as possible migration deeper into the sediments when fish were present. In conjunction with this study, we examined the possibility that estimates of total abundance of meiofauna may be influenced by the process of sectioning the cores. We found that total meiofauna abundance was significantly greater in sectioned than in non-sectioned cores, suggesting that investigators must test the effects of sample handling when choosing enumeration methods.

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“…Furthermore, the larger stomach size in older trout would allow ingesting a higher number of preys (Neveu & Thibault 1977). Observed prey selection in analyzed rainbow trout would be related to prey availability and its energetic value (Vinyard 1980). Those prey easier to capture or with higher energetic value (such as Ephemeroptera, Diptera and Trichoptera) would be consumed more (Penczak et al 1984), while those of lower energetic value, smaller or those that can camouflages themselves or hide under the substratum (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spring diet composition of Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792) in the Urederra River (Spain)

Oscoz

Leunda

Campos

et al. 2005

Ann. Limnol. - Int. J. Lim.

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Differential Prey Vulnerability and Predator Selectivity: Effects of Evasive Prey on Bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) and Pumpkinseed (L. gibhosus) Predation

Cited by 105 publications

References 0 publications

Bluegill growth as modified by plant density: an exploration of underlying mechanisms

Bluegill growth as modified by plant density: an exploration of underlying mechanisms

Controls on the vertical distribution of meiobenthos in mud: field and flume studies with juvenile fish

Spring diet composition of Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792) in the Urederra River (Spain)

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