Differential response related to genotoxicity between eggplant (Solanum melanogena) skin aqueous extract and its main purified anthocyanin (delphinidin) in vivo

Abstract

Anthocyanins are the largest group of water-soluble pigments in the plant kingdom. A number of studies have demonstrated that anthocyanins present antioxidant capacity and show inhibitory effects on the growth of some cancer cells. Thus, the goal of this study was to evaluate both the antimutagenicity/antigenotoxicity and mutagenicity/genotoxicity of aqueous extract obtained from the Solanum melanogena, a possible novel source of anthocyanin, and its main purified anthocyanin extract (delphinidin), using the single cell (comet) assay and micronucleus test. Pretreatment with higher doses of the purified anthocyanin (10 and 20mg/kg b.w.) led to a statistically significant reduction (p<0.05) in the frequency of micronuclei in polychromatic erythrocytes induced by cyclophosphamide. The pattern of reduction ranged from 48% to 57% independent of concentration. No apparent genotoxicity and mutagenicity was found for either the anthocyanin or delphinidin extracts. Taken together, these results suggest that mice pre-treated with specific compounds present in anthocyanins (delphinidin) displayed a lower incidence of mutations induced by cyclophosphamide. This finding emphasizes the potential of natural colorants to prevent mutations and also the applicability of genotoxic evaluation for improving health. Furthermore, the results presented here could be an additional argument to support the use of anthocyanins in the diet.

Investigation of cytotoxic and mutagenic effects of Malpighia glabra L. (barbados cherry) fruit pulp and vitamin C on plant and animal test systems

“…The results of mutagenic studies of vitamins, particularly those that are part of Barbados Cherry fruit constitution, are quite contradictory since some studies show their mutagenic activities (ALY; DONYA, 2002;OHSAWA et al, 2003;BHAT et al, 2006), while others deny it (DE FLORA;BAGNASCO;VAINIO, 1999;NEFIC, 2001;AZEVEDO et al, 2007).…”

Influence of Marolo (Annona crassiflora Mart.) Pulp Intake on the Modulation of Mutagenic/Antimutagenic Processes and Its Action on Oxidative Stress In Vivo

“…Cells were blindly scored by light microscope at 1,000X magnification. One thousand polychromatic erythrocytes (PCE) were analyzed per mouse [19,21]. For the biochemical parameters, peripheral blood samples were centrifuged at 2,500 x g for 10 min to obtain serum.…”

PGK1 Induction by a Hydrogen Peroxide Treatment Is Suppressed by Antioxidants in Human Colon Carcinoma Cells

“…1,[6][7][8][9][10] However, the studies so far conducted have been limited in relation to the identification of biomarker protein(s) for oxidative stress which would facilitate the evaluation of oxidative activity and screening antioxidative agents which can be exploited for the prevention of ROS-induced diseases. In this study, we attempted to identify the protein(s) that are restored to untreated control levels by a treatment with delphinidin, an antioxidative anthocyanidin, [11][12][13][14][15] among the proteins up-regulated by H 2 O 2 in HT29 cells, by coupling 2-D PAGE and MALDI TOF-MS. As delphinidin has been reported to be an anthocyanidin with good antioxidative potential, 11,13) this was used as a model compound for the study. The selectively regulated protein(s), by oxidative stress, could be developed into a useful tool for such purposes as screening anticancer or antioxidative agents and could provide a clue to the action mechanisms of ROS at the molecular level.…”