Differential spatial computations in ventral and lateral face-selective regions are scaffolded by structural connections

Finzi, Dawn; Gomez, Jesse; Nordt, Marisa; Rezai, Alex A.; Poltoratski, Sonia; Grill-Spector, Kalanit

doi:10.1101/2020.07.06.190371

Cited by 7 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Our data demonstrate an interaction between estimates of pRF properties in face-selective regions and the stimulus used in mapping (upright vs. inverted faces), which is specific to face inversion as we did not find equivalent deviations for phase-scrambled faces 16 or diverse cartoons 18 Figure S6 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Overall, face inversion had the most pronounced effect on pRF properties in mFus-faces, the end stage of the ventral face-processing hierarchy 18,19 . In mFus-faces, face inversion yielded a significant downward shift of pRFs, smaller pRF size, and smaller gain.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Given prior reports of stimulus-dependence of visual field coverage in nearby word-selective regions 31 , we sought to examine whether differences in coverage in face-selective regions were specific to inversion. We evaluated this by measuring coverage in our participants’ face-selective regions to different stimuli: brightly colored cartoon images in a separate pRF mapping experiment ( Figure S5a, 18 ). Coverage in face-selective regions mapped with these highly varied stimuli was similar to the upright faces condition; pRF density was highest around the fovea, and consequently the coverage was centered on the fovea ( Figure S5b-c ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…pSTS-faces, a region in the lateral stream of the face-selective VTC network thought to process dynamic aspects of faces 34,35 , exhibited similar effects of smaller pRF size, albeit noisier responses overall. This may be attributed to the substantially more peripheral responses in pSTS-faces 18,36 , making our mapping with still images over a 9.2° × 9.2° visual field suboptimal. However, face inversion did not significantly alter visual field coverage in IOG-faces.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Throughout the visual system, neurons with similar RFs in retinotopic space are clustered in cortex, allowing researchers to use fMRI to measure the population receptive field (pRF), or the portion of the visual field that is processed by the population of neurons in a voxel 15 . Recently, our group and others have used pRF modeling to quantify spatial processing in face-selective VTC regions, finding that pRFs in face-selective regions are progressively larger than in early visual areas and are densely centered around the center of gaze (the fovea), resulting in foveally-biased coverage of the visual field 16–18 . These response properties may enable neurons in face-selective regions to integrate information across facial features for effective face recognition.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Holistic face recognition is an emergent phenomenon of spatial integration in face-selective regions

Poltoratski¹,

Kay

Finzi³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Spatial processing by receptive fields is a core property of the visual system. However, it is unknown how spatial coding in high-level regions contributes to recognition behavior. As face inversion is thought to disrupt typical 'holistic' processing of information in faces, we mapped population receptive fields (pRFs) with upright and inverted faces in the human visual system. In face-selective regions, but not primary visual cortex, pRFs and overall visual field coverage were smaller and shifted downward in response to face inversion. From these measurements, we successfully predicted the relative behavioral detriment of face inversion at different positions in the visual field. This correspondence between neural measurements and behavior demonstrates how spatial integration in face-selective regions enables holistic processing. These results not only show that spatial processing in high-level visual regions is dynamically used towards recognition, but also suggest a powerful approach for bridging neural computations by receptive fields to behavior.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Holistic face recognition is an emergent phenomenon of spatial integration in face-selective regions

Poltoratski¹,

Kay

Finzi³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The human posterior cingulate, retrosplenial, and medial parietal cortex effective connectome, and implications for memory and navigation

Rolls

Wirth

Deco

et al. 2022

Human Brain Mapping

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The human posterior cingulate, retrosplenial, and medial parietal cortex are involved in memory and navigation. The functional anatomy underlying these cognitive functions was investigated by measuring the effective connectivity of these Posterior Cingulate Division (PCD) regions in the Human Connectome Project-MMP1 atlas in 171 HCP participants, and complemented with functional connectivity and diffusion tractography. First, the postero-ventral parts of the PCD (31pd, 31pv, 7m, d23ab, and v23ab) have effective connectivity with the temporal pole, inferior temporal visual cortex, cortex in the superior temporal sulcus implicated in auditory and semantic processing, with the reward-related vmPFC and pregenual anterior cingulate cortex, with the inferior parietal cortex, and with the hippocampal system. This connectivity implicates it in hippocampal episodic memory, providing routes for "what," reward and semantic schema-related information to access the hippocampus. Second, the antero-dorsal parts of the PCD (especially 31a and 23d, PCV, and also RSC) have connectivity with early visual cortical areas including those that represent spatial scenes, with the superior parietal cortex, with the pregenual anterior cingulate cortex, and with the hippocampal system. This connectivity implicates it in the "where" component for hippocampal episodic memory and for spatial navigation. The dorsal-

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Establishing the functional relevancy of white matter connections in the visual system and beyond

2021

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For over a century, researchers have examined the functional relevancy of white matter bundles. Consequently, many large-scale bundles spanning several centimeters have been associated in their entirety with specific brain functions, such as language or attention. However, these coarse structural–functional relationships are at odds with modern understanding of the fine-grained functional organization of human cortex, such as the mosaic of category-selective regions in ventral temporal cortex. Here, we review a multimodal approach that combines fMRI to define functional regions of interest within individual’s brains with dMRI tractography to identify the white matter bundles of the same individual. Combining these data allows to determine which subsets of streamlines within a white matter bundle connect to specific functional regions in each individual. That is, this approach identifies the functionally defined white matter sub-bundles of the brain. We argue that this approach not only enhances the accuracy of interpreting the functional relevancy of white matter bundles, but also enables segmentation of these large-scale bundles into meaningful functional units, which can then be linked to behavior with enhanced precision. Importantly, this approach has the potential for making new discoveries of the fine-grained functional relevancy of white matter connections in the visual system and the brain more broadly, akin to the flurry of research that has identified functional regions in cortex.

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Differential spatial computations in ventral and lateral face-selective regions are scaffolded by structural connections

Cited by 7 publications

References 82 publications

Holistic face recognition is an emergent phenomenon of spatial integration in face-selective regions

Holistic face recognition is an emergent phenomenon of spatial integration in face-selective regions

The human posterior cingulate, retrosplenial, and medial parietal cortex effective connectome, and implications for memory and navigation

Establishing the functional relevancy of white matter connections in the visual system and beyond

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