Differentially expressed serum host proteins in hepatitis B and C viral infections

Abstract

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection often lead to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which is mostly detected in advanced stage. Hence, its early detection is of paramount importance using a biomarker having sensitivity and specificity both. The present study highlights differentially expressed host proteins in response to HBV/HCV infection at different stages. Comparative proteomic study was done by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis followed by mass spectrometry. Sera from each of chronically infected, liver cirrhosis and HCC in HBV or HCV infection along with controls were selected. Analysis of functional association between differentially expressed proteins with viral hepatitis was extensively carried out. Forty-three differentially expressed spots (C 1.5 fold; P \ 0.05) on two-dimensional gel electrophoresis were corresponded to 28 proteins by mass spectrometry in variable liver diseases. Haptoglobin protein levels were decreased upon disease progression to HCC due to HBV infection. The other proteins expressed differentially are ceruloplasmin, serum paraoxonase 1, retinol binding protein and leucine rich alpha 2 proteins in plasma maybe associated to HBV HCC. Whereas, upregulation of C4a/C4b showed it as a reliable marker in patients with end stage liver disease related to HCV infection. ApolipoproteinA1 levels in liver diseases in both HBV and HCV infection corresponding to healthy controls may be a common marker for early diagnosis and disease monitoring. Protein interaction studies by extensive pathway analysis using bioinformatics tools such as EnrichNet application and STRING revealed significant associations with specific infections.

The metabolic fingerprints of HCV and HBV infections studied by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

“…Most of the literature about systematic -omics studies made in the scales of genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics in the HCV and HCV field are, in fact, related to HCC susceptibility, which is a priority topic for research 6 , 7 . Other studies comparatively analyzed different stages of chronic liver damage in HCV and HBV infections, always with the aim to find early cancer biomarkers using proteomics 8 , 9 .…”

Non–Wilson's Disease-Associated Hypoceruloplasminemia

“…[11][12][13] Low serum ceruloplasmins have also been described in patients without WD with chronic liver disease. 12,14,15 When present, this finding will often result in extensive, costly, and potentially harmful additional investigations. Thus, the objectives of this study were to document the prevalence of low serum ceruloplasmin levels in adult patients without WD attending a large urban liver diseases outpatient program and determine whether certain clinical and/or biochemical features help to identify when non-WD hypoceruloplasminemia is more likely to be present in this patient population.…”

Identification of Protein Expression Changes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma through iTRAQ

“…It is a liverinduced glycoprotein enzyme responsible for protection against reactive oxygen species and inflammation and has been associated with various cancers. PON1 may also be a risk factor for chronic hepatitis B [17], and glycan differences in serum PON1 may serve as potential biomarkers to distinguish early HCC from liver cirrhosis [18]. In this study, we have shown that PON1 expression was significantly decreased in HCC using iTRAQ-based serum proteomic analysis.…”