“…During differentiation, Ml cells acquire phagocytic and locomotive activities, and undergo quantitative and qualitative changes in cytoskeletal proteins such as actin and vimentin (20,21,28). Differentiation is also accompanied by an increase in secretory proteins including many cytokines such as IL-6 (15,17) and GM-CSF (14), and lysosomal enzymes which undergo folding in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) (10,19). There are manychaperones in the ER which are thought to recognize and stabilize partially folded intermediates of nascent polypeptide during their folding and assembly (6,7).…”