Differentiation of pluripotent embryonic stem cells into the neuronal lineage in vitro gives rise to mature inhibitory and excitatory neurons

Strübing, Carsten; Ahnert‐Hilger, Gudrun; Jin, Shuai; Wiedenmann, Bertram; Hescheler, Jürgen; Wobus, Anna M.

doi:10.1016/0925-4773(95)00446-8

Cited by 325 publications

(249 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…They can be expanded in vitro, cultured as embryoid bodies (EB), and by plating on adhesive substrate, ES cells differentiate spontaneously into multiple cell types, for example, beating muscle cells and hematopoietic-like cells in addition to neurons. EB cells can also be instructed to differentiate into specific cells, including neurons (Bain et al, 1995;Strubing et al, 1995;Wichterle et al, 2002).…”

Section: Can Anything Make Anything?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of stem cells in the central nervous system

Johansson

2003

Journal Cellular Physiology

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Injury to the central nervous system (CNS) can result in severe functional impairment. The brain and spinal cord, which constitute the CNS, have been viewed for decades as having a very limited capacity for regeneration. However, over the last several years, the body of evidence supporting the concept of regeneration and continuous renewal of neurons in specific regions of the CNS has increased. This evidence has significantly altered our perception of the CNS and has offered new hope for possible cell therapy strategies to repair lost function. Transplantation of stem cells or the recruitment of endogenous stem cells to repair specific regions of the brain or spinal cord is the next exciting research challenge. However, our understanding of the existing stem cell pool in the adult CNS remains limited. This review will discuss the identification and characterization of CNS stem cells in the adult brain and spinal cord.

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Section: Can Anything Make Anything?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of stem cells in the central nervous system

Johansson

2003

Journal Cellular Physiology

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“…One such determinant may be retinoic acid (RA). In vitro, RA is known to promote neuronal differentiation and inhibit mesodermal characteristics of several cell types, including ORNs (Bain et al, 1996;LaMantia et al, 2000;Strubing et al, 1995). In vivo analyses also suggest that RA signaling is important in olfactory development, since hypoplasia and alterations in apoptosis occur in the frontonasal region when RA is depleted during embryonic development (Dickman et al, 1997).…”

Section: What Are the Early Determinants Of Progenitormentioning

confidence: 99%

Progenitor cells of the olfactory receptor neuron lineage

Calof

Bonnin

Crocker

et al. 2002

Microscopy Res & Technique

130

114

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The olfactory epithelium of the mouse has many properties that make it an ideal system for studying the molecular regulation of neurogenesis. We have used a combination of in vitro and in vivo approaches to identify three distinct stages of neuronal progenitors in the olfactory receptor neuron lineage. The neuronal stem cell, which is ultimately responsible for continual neuron renewal in this system, gives rise to a transit amplifying progenitor identified by its expression of a transcription factor, MASH1. The MASH1-expressing progenitor gives rise to a second transit amplifying progenitor, the Immediate Neuronal Precursor, which is distinct from the stem cell and MASH1-expressing progenitor, and gives rise quantitatively to olfactory receptor neurons. Regulation of progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation occurs at each of these three cell stages, and growth factors of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) families appear to play particularly important roles in these processes. Analyses of the actions of FGFs and BMPs reveal that negative signaling plays at least as important a role as positive signaling in the regulation of olfactory neurogenesis.

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“…They are derived from the inner cell mass of blastocysts and provide a powerful model system to study the molecular mechanisms regulating early and late lineage specific differentiation. Differentiation of mouse ES (mES) cells can be induced by withdrawal of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) from plated cells, the formation of embryoid bodies (EBs) derived by growth of non-adherent mES cells in the absence of LIF, or by treatment of either plated cells or EBs with retinoic acid (RA) [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. In addition, thyroid hormone treatment can modulate the differentiation process in these cells [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differentiation of murine embryonic stem cells induces progesterone receptor gene expression

Sauter

McDermid

Weinberg

et al. 2005

Experimental Cell Research

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The role of steroid hormone receptors in very early embryonic development remains unknown. Clearly, expression during organogenesis is important for tissue-specific development. However, progesterone receptor (PR) and estrogen receptors (ERα, ERβ), are expressed during early development through the blastocyst stage in mice and other species, and yet are not essential for embryonic viability. We have utilized the mouse embryonic stem (mES) cell model to investigate the regulated expression of these receptors during differentiation. Surprisingly, one of the earliest changes in gene expression in response to a differentiation signal observed is PR gene induction. It parallels the time course of expression for the patterning genes Hoxb1 and Hoxa5. Unexpectedly, PR gene expression is not regulated in an estrogen dependent manner by endogenous ERs or by transiently overexpressed ERα. Our results suggest a potentially novel mechanism of PR gene regulation within mES cells compared to adult tissues and the possibility of unique targets of PR action during early mES cell differentiation

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Differentiation of pluripotent embryonic stem cells into the neuronal lineage in vitro gives rise to mature inhibitory and excitatory neurons

Cited by 325 publications

References 42 publications

Mechanism of stem cells in the central nervous system

Mechanism of stem cells in the central nervous system

Progenitor cells of the olfactory receptor neuron lineage

Differentiation of murine embryonic stem cells induces progesterone receptor gene expression

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