The use of femtosecond laser radiation in digital lensless holographic microscopy (DLHM) to image biological samples is presented. A mode-locked Ti:Sa laser that emits ultrashort pulses of 12 fs intensity FWHM, with 800 nm mean wavelength, at 75 MHz repetition rate is used as a light source. For comparison purposes, the light from a lightemitting diode is also used. A section of the head of a drosophila melanogaster fly is studied with both light sources. The coherence properties of light determine the performance of digital holographic microscopy (DHM). While two-arm DHM needs both temporal and spatial coherence to operate properly, the single-arm DHM relaxes the requirements over the former. For both architectures, continuous wave (CW) lasers have been the preferred light sources because they simplify the experimental setups. New radiation sources are now utilized in DHM to optimize its performance [1,2] and/or to explore new applications [3]. The utilization of femtosecond laser radiation has been proposed recently for both DHM architectures [4,5]. For the two-arm DHM, the limited coherence time of this source imposes experimental configurations with very short optical path differences and compensating devices to extend the field of interference [4,6]. Because the single-arm DHM relaxes the conditions over the coherence time, it simplifies the utilization of femtosecond lasers, as was presented by Brunel et al. [5]. In that work, the authors utilized 20 fs plane wave laser radiation to image with a lensless microscope a circular thin film of indium tin oxide 260 μm in diameter. Beyond this type of application, the use of femtosecond laser radiation in DHM may be useful, for instance, to study the spectral response of complex internal structures in biological samples. For these applications, lensless microscopes are the preferred imaging tool because they preserve the temporal pulse duration and do not introduce chromatic aberrations. However, the imaging approach must offer larger magnification and resolution power than that provided by plane wave lensless holographic microscopes [5]. A microscopy architecture that uses no lenses and provides micrometer resolution operating at multiple wavelengths is digital lensless holographic microscopy (DLHM) [7,8]. DLHM can offer the features needed to image biological specimens with femtosecond laser radiation. In this Letter, the use of femtosecond laser radiation in DLHM and its application to image biological samples is presented. The variation of the pinhole size shows new and unaware effects on the performance of DLHM that are compared with the previously known.In DLHM, the sample is illuminated by a spherical wavefront with a wavelength λ. A digital screen records the amplitude superposition of the portion of the spherical wavefront that is scattered by the specimen, U scat , with the portion that travels from the point source to the screen with no distortion, U ref . The former is called the object wave and the latter is the reference wave. The intensity recorded...