Diffusion and Reaction in Solids

Arrowsmith, R. J.; Smith, J. M.

doi:10.1021/i160019a007

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…E = Arrhenius activation energy, k.cals/g. mole K' = reaction rate constant equivalent, equal to k'D --, hr-1 72 K1 = reaction rate constant equivalent in Jander's Equation (1) K . = frequency factor in Arrhenius correlation, hr-1 k = proportionality constant in Equation (2) k1 = constant in Equation (3), equal to 2 kA R = gas constant r = radius of spherical particle, cm T = Absolute temperature, O K 1 = tirce, secs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic study of the solid‐state reaction between phthalic anhydride and P‐nitroaniline

Baradaranjan

Satyanarayana

1974

Can J Chem Eng

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The addition reaction between the compacted powders of phthalic anhydride and p‐nitroaniline was studied. Both the reactants of equal particle size, were mixed in 1‐to‐1 molar ratio and compacted. Three particle sizes — 0.0065 cm, 0.0178 cm and 0.0376 cm and three compaction pressures — 302.0 kgf/cm2, 785.0 kgf/cm2 and 1208.0 kgf/cm2 were used for the study. Conversions were measured at 80°, 90°, 100°, 110° and 120°C for 1/2, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24 hours. The reaction rate changed to a constant value, after an initial phase boundary process. The mole percentage conversions increased with decrease in particle size, increase in compaction pressure corresponding to a decrease in the initial porosity of the compact. It was also observed that the final porosity of the compact increased with increase in reaction temperature. Combination of Jander's model and parabolic rate law was used to calculate the values of the reaction rate constant equivalent. The activation energy was calculated to be 14 to 34 kilocalories per gram mole.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic study of the solid‐state reaction between phthalic anhydride and P‐nitroaniline

Baradaranjan

Satyanarayana

1974

Can J Chem Eng

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Volume change during reaction20–24 often adds a further complication to interpretation of data. Many researchers have preferred to study solid‐solid reaction kinetics in pellet‐pellet systems25–29 to avoid some of the aforementioned complexities. Reactions in mixed powders is, however, closer to practical usage.…”

Section: Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Intermediate conversion kinetics in ticalcium aluminate formation

Ghoroi

Suresh

2007

AIChE Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com).Solid-solid reactions are important in many chemical and metallurgical process industries, as also in the semiconductor and electrochemical materials industries. In comparison to their fluid counterparts, these systems are difficult to model with any degree of rigour, but models derived from the fluid-solid literature have often been used with success to interpret the data. There are lacunae, however, and our previous work 1 has shown the inadequacy of the conventional models when reactions take place through a network of some complexity. In that work, the conversion of alumina and calcia to C 3 A was shown to be a series network, with C 12 A 7 being the (stable) reaction intermediate. The second reaction step of that network is studied here, namely the conversion of C 12 A 7 to C 3 A by reaction with calcia. It has been shown that this reaction takes place in a single step. While conventional wisdom treats such reactions as taking place invariably at a (moving) reaction front, it has been shown that a proper interpretation of data requires cognizance of a volume reaction component, which may, under conditions of severe diffusion limitations, be approximated well by a front reaction.

show abstract

“…However, diffusivities under reaction conditions can be quite different owing to differences in structure, defect characteristics, impurity concentrations, etc. An example illustrating this fact is the difference in the diffusivity values reported by Tomis et al (1969) and by Arrowsmith and Smith (1966) for the system phthalic anhydride + su!phathiazole. The values reported by Arrowsmith and Smith from independent diffusion experiments are of the order of 10-7 to 10-8 cm2/s, whereas those reported by Tomh et al from in situ evaluation during reaction and analyzed by the Serin-Ellickson expression are of the order of 10-10 to 10-'1 cm2/s.…”

Section: Diffusionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The final expression obtained is Arrowsmith-Smith model. Arrowsmith and Smith (1966) attempted an analysis in which they considered simultaneous diffusion and reaction in an organic pellet-pellet system. In their analysis, an irreversible second-order reaction was assumed [ A + B + C].…”

Section: A Product Layer With No a Product Layer Withmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Analysis of solid‐solid reactions: A review

Tamhankar

Doraiswamy

1979

AIChE Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper reviews some important aspects of the analysis of solidsolid reactions which include: fundamental considerations, experimental techniques, analysis of pellet-pellet reactions, analysis of mixed powder reactions, role of the gas phase, and reactor design. Illustrations are given wherever necessary. Examples of industrial applications, important systems studied, and the models used are tabulated.

show abstract

Diffusion and Reaction in Solids

Abstract: Diffusion has been studied in single pellets at 108' to 125' C. for the inert phthalic anhydride-phthalylsulfathiazole system. The diffusion of phthalylsulfathiazole into phthalic anhydride was not measurable,

Cited by 21 publications

References 7 publications

Kinetic study of the solid‐state reaction between phthalic anhydride and P‐nitroaniline

Kinetic study of the solid‐state reaction between phthalic anhydride and P‐nitroaniline

Intermediate conversion kinetics in ticalcium aluminate formation

Analysis of solid‐solid reactions: A review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About