Diffusion behaviour of gold and mercury implanted into magnesium

Toukan, Khaled; Khubeis, I.; Al-Zubi, F.; AlSaadi, Mohammed Abdulhakim; Dababneh, S.; Bakraji, E. H.; Meyer, O.

doi:10.1016/s0168-583x(96)01170-6

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 13 publications

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“…The collector plates are fabricated from magnesium to reduce mass but to prevent oxidation of the magnesium the plates have an external coating of gold. Gold ions can slowly diffuse into magnesium, with more rapid diffusion rates for temperatures exceeding 400 K [Toukan et al, 1997]. The magnesium plates were coated with a flash of copper followed by a nickel shield before the final layer of gold was deposited.…”

Section: Appendix B: Faraday Cup Instrument Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Physics‐based tests to identify the accuracy of solar wind ion measurements: A case study with the Wind Faraday Cups

et al. 2006

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[1] We present techniques for comparing measurements of velocity, temperature, and density with constraints imposed by the plasma physics of magnetized bi-Maxwellian ions. Deviations from these physics-based constraints are interpreted as arising from measurement errors. Two million ion spectra from the Solar Wind Experiment Faraday Cup instruments on the Wind spacecraft are used as a case study. The accuracy of velocity measurements is determined by the fact that differential flow between hydrogen and helium should be aligned with the ambient magnetic field. Modeling the breakdown of field alignment suggests velocity uncertainties are less than 0.16% in magnitude and 3°in direction. Temperature uncertainty is found by examining the distribution of observed temperature anisotropies in high-beta solar wind intervals where the firehose, mirror, and cyclotron microinstabilities should drive the distribution to isotropy. The presence of a finite anisotropy at high beta suggests overall temperature uncertainties of 8%. Hydrogen and helium number densities are compared with the electron density inferred from observations of the local electron plasma frequency as a function of solar wind speed and year. We find that after accounting for the contribution of minor ions, the results are consistent with a systematic offset between the two instruments of 3-4%. The temperature and density methods are sensitive to non-Maxwellian features such as heat flux and proton beams and as a result are more suited to slow solar wind where these features are rare. These procedures are of general use in identifying the accuracy of observations from any solar wind ion instrument.

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Section: Appendix B: Faraday Cup Instrument Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Physics‐based tests to identify the accuracy of solar wind ion measurements: A case study with the Wind Faraday Cups

et al. 2006

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Depth distribution and diffusion behavior of implanted Bi+ ions into KTiOPO4

Wang

et al. 2002

Journal of Vacuum Science &Amp; Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films

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KTiOPO 4 samples were implanted by Bi+ ions with energies from 100 to 350 keV in increments of 50 keV. The depth distribution and diffusion behavior of implanted Bi+ into KTiOPO4 were investigated by normal and oblique incidence Rutherford backscattering. The results show that the maximum difference between experimental and calculated values of the mean projected range is less than 22%; the experimental range straggling somewhat deviates from the prediction by TRIM'98. After annealing, the redistributions of implanted Bi+ ions in KTiOPO4 do not obey Fick’s law, and there is a segregation process to the surface for 700 °C annealing. After 800 °C annealing for 30 min, most of the segregated Bi+ ions had evaporated, and the distribution of the remaining Bi+ ions became flat.

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Diffusion behaviour of gold and mercury implanted into magnesium

Cited by 2 publications

References 13 publications

Physics‐based tests to identify the accuracy of solar wind ion measurements: A case study with the Wind Faraday Cups

Physics‐based tests to identify the accuracy of solar wind ion measurements: A case study with the Wind Faraday Cups

Depth distribution and diffusion behavior of implanted Bi+ ions into KTiOPO4

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