“…According to some scholars, this decline was caused by middle-class social norms regarding domesticity spreading through the working class during the second half of the nineteenth century (de regt, 1984;de Swaan, 1989). Because the housewife was crucial for a domestic lifestyle, task division within the household became more pronounced with men providing an income and women specializing in homemaking tasks (Van Poppel, Van Dalen, & Walhout, 2009). Moreover, in the Netherlands, the domesticity ideal was presumably already prevalent during the early modern period (de Vries & van der Woude, 1997).…”