Digestibility and pricing of Chlorella sorokiniana meal for use in tilapia feeds

Barone, Rafael Simões Coelho; Sonoda, Daniel Yokoyama; Lorenz, Evandro Kleber; Cyrino, José Eurico Possebon

doi:10.1590/1678-992x-2016-0457

Cited by 26 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The digestibility of feed ingredients is key information for formulating sustainable feeds, but publicly available information on digestibility for specific microalgal species in aquafeeds is virtually non-existent (Barone et al, 2018). This lack of information often leads researchers and practitioners to extrapolate the nutritive value of microalgae from their chemical composition.…”

Section: Importance Of Digestibility Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards sustainable and ocean-friendly aquafeeds: Evaluating a fish-free feed for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) using three marine microalgae species

Sarker

Kapuscinski

Vandenberg³

et al. 2020

Elem Sci Anth

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Aquaculture, the fastest growing food sector, is expected to expand to produce an additional 30 million metric tons of fish by 2030, thus filling the gap in supplies of seafood for humans. Salmonids aquaculture exploits the vast majority of fishmeal and fish oil rendered from ocean-dwelling forage fish. Most forage fish diverted to these commodities are human-food grade, and all are primary prey for marine predators. Rising costs, price volatility, and environmental sustainability concerns of using these commodities for aquaculture feed are driving the global search for alternatives, including marine microalgae originating from the base of marine food webs but produced in culture. We report the first evaluation of two marine microalgae, Nannochloropsis sp. and Isochrysis sp., for their potential to fully replace fishmeal and fish oil in diets of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), an important model for all salmonid aquaculture. We conducted a digestibility experiment with dried whole cells of Nannochloropsis sp. and Isochrysis sp., followed by a growth experiment using feeds with different combinations of Nannochloropsis sp., Isochrysis sp., and Schizochytrium sp. We found that digestibilities of crude protein, crude lipid, amino acids, fatty acids, omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n3 PUFA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), n6 (omega 6) PUFA in Isochrysis sp. were significantly higher than those in Nannochloropsis sp. Digestibility results suggest that for rainbow trout diets Isochrysis sp. is a better substitute for fishmeal and fish oil than Nannochloropsis sp. The lower feed intake by fish fed diets combining multiple microalgae, compared to fish fed the reference diet, was a primary cause of the growth retardation. In trout fillets, we detected an equal amount of DHA in fish fed fish-free diet and reference diet. This study suggests that Isochrysis sp. and Schizochytrium sp. are good candidates for DHA supplementation in trout diet formulations.

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Section: Importance Of Digestibility Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards sustainable and ocean-friendly aquafeeds: Evaluating a fish-free feed for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) using three marine microalgae species

Sarker

Kapuscinski

Vandenberg³

et al. 2020

Elem Sci Anth

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“…Chlorella vulgaris is widely used in nutrition and biodiesel 30 . Additional to these commercial uses, Chlorella sorokiniana has pharmaceutical and fish feed uses 31 – 33 . Chlorella ellipsoidea is additionally known to have pharmaceutical potential 34 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of microalgae cultured in Bold’s Basal medium from freshwater samples, from a high-rise city

Lloyd

Tan

Lim

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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This study aimed at exploring microalgal heterogeneity from fresh water samples collected from inland water bodies in the heavily built city of Singapore. Culturable pure isolates (n = 94) were subject to an in-house microalgal DNA extraction method and LSU rDNA sequencing. Isolates were analysed for their predominance and distribution. A total of 17 different algal genera were identified (H = 2.8, EH = 0.6), of which Scenedesmus spp. and Chlorella spp. constituted 27.5% and 21.3% of isolates respectively, followed by Micractinium spp. (18.8%) and Chlamydomonas spp. (12.5%). We also report 16 new microalgal strains from this region. The data is important from an ecological and biotechnological perspective.

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“…meal, respectively, in the diets of tilapia (a relatively low-value fish) [41]. Given that algae are expensive to produce, their use as bulk ingredients for formulated feed production is likely to require improved production efficiency and further cost reduction through the use of biorefinery approaches [17].…”

Section: Formulated Feedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microalgal Aquafeeds As Part of a Circular Bioeconomy

Yarnold

Karan

Oey

et al. 2019

Trends in Plant Science

106

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Photosynthetic microalgae are unicellular plants, many of which are rich in protein, lipids, and bioactives and form an important part of the base of the natural aquatic food chain. Population growth, demand for high-quality protein, and depletion of wild fishstocks are forecast to increase aquacultural fish demand by 37% between 2016 and 2030. This review highlights the role of microalgae and recent advances that can support a sustainable 'circular' aquaculture industry. Microalgae-based feed supplements and recombinant therapeutic production offer significant opportunities to improve animal health, disease resistance, and yields. Critically, microalgae in biofloc, 'green water', nutrient remediation, and integrated multitrophic aquaculture technologies offer innovative solutions for economic and environmentally sustainable development in line with key UN Sustainability Goals. Increasing Demand for Aquaculture Feeds Aquaculture (see Glossary) plays an increasingly important role in global food security, a critical challenge of the 21st century. The global population is forecast to increase from 7.6 to 9.8 billion by 2050 i , causing a projected food demand increase of 60-100% above 2005 levels [1,2]. In parallel, rising affluence is predicted to increase the demand for high-quality protein by 110% [2], emphasizing the need to establish sustainable ii high-protein food production networks. Currently,~57% of global protein supply is from plant sources (almost exclusively terrestrial); the remaining 43% is from animal sources (red meat, poultry, seafood, dairy, eggs, and other products) [3]. Of the 1.7 billion tonnes year −1 of animal products produced globally in 2016 iii , wild-caught and farmed fish accounted for~10% (171 million tonnes year −1 , US $143 billion) [4]. As wild-caught fish yields have plateaued over the past 20 years, fish demand has been met by an expanding aquaculture sector [4], which has increased from~20 million tonnes (1950) to~80 million tonnes (2016), at a growth rate of~2.3 million tonnes year −1 (~6%) iv. Aquaculture's contribution to meeting future food demand will require more sustainable practices that support both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. A key problem to date has been the high use of wild-caught pelagic fish for the production of fishmeal and fish oil for formulated aquafeeds. This has put pressure on populations of low-trophic species that are keystones in aquatic food webs (e.g., anchovies, capelin, herring, mackerel, menhaden, sardines) and which wild fisheries depend on [5,6]. It also increases the potential spread of bacterial (e.g., Vibrio cholerae [7]) and viral (e.g., iridovirus [8]) diseases via raw fish distribution. Fishmeal is a favored ingredient in fish nutrition as it is rich in protein, easily digestible, and palatable and provides a well-balanced source of essential amino acids, phospholipids, and omega-3 fatty acids such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Increasing use of alternative ingredients include those from animal, pla...

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Digestibility and pricing of Chlorella sorokiniana meal for use in tilapia feeds

Cited by 26 publications

References 41 publications

Towards sustainable and ocean-friendly aquafeeds: Evaluating a fish-free feed for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) using three marine microalgae species

Towards sustainable and ocean-friendly aquafeeds: Evaluating a fish-free feed for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) using three marine microalgae species

Identification of microalgae cultured in Bold’s Basal medium from freshwater samples, from a high-rise city

Microalgal Aquafeeds As Part of a Circular Bioeconomy

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