Digestibility, nitrogen metabolism, ingestive behavior and performance of feedlot goats fed high-concentrate diets with palm kernel cake

Silva, Liliane Oliveira da; Carvalho, Gleidson Giordano Pinto de; Tosto, Manuela Silva Libânio; Lima, Victor Guimarães Oliveira; Cirne, Luís Gabriel Alves; Pina, Douglas dos Santos; Santos, Stefanie Alvarenga; Rodrigues, C. S.; Ayres, Maria Consuêlo Caribé; Azevêdo, José Augusto Gomes

doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2020.104226

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In the present experiment, the predominance of PKC in the orts explains the decreased intake. Silva et al [ 31 ] observed similar behavior with increasing amounts of concentrate, with PKC in the orts of cull goats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

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Palm Kernel Cake in Diets for Lactating Goats: Qualitative Aspects of Milk and Cheese

Ferreira

Leite

Alba

et al. 2021

Animals

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We investigated the effect of including palm kernel cake (PKC) at the levels of 0, 80, 160 and 240 g kg−1 in the diet of lactating goats on the quality and sensory parameters of Minas Frescal cheese. Twelve goats were used in a triple 4 × 4 Latin square design. The dietary addition of PKC was associated with a reduction in moisture (p = 0.004), which compromised the cheese yield (p = 0.030). The ether extract content showed a quadratic response. There was a decrease in caproic (p = 0.014), caprylic (p = 0.011), capric (p = 0.003) and palmitic (p = 0.049) acids and an increase in lauric (p = 0.012) and myristic (p = 0.02) acids. Monounsaturated fatty acids increased (p = 0.008), whereas the ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acids (p = 0.022) and thrombogenicity index (p = 0.023) decreased. Principal component analysis indicated that control treatment and the treatment with 80 g kg−1 PKC were the most acceptable to the cheese tasters. The use of palm kernel cake is a good alternative for lactating goats when added to the diet at levels up to 80 g kg−1.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…The inclusion of PKC affects the goats’ acceptance of the diet [ 31 ]. At inclusion levels of around 12% [ 53 ], there is a decline in EE intake, which probably affects the composition of milk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Palm Kernel Cake in Diets for Lactating Goats: Qualitative Aspects of Milk and Cheese

Ferreira

Leite

Alba

et al. 2021

Animals

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“…Palm kernel ( Elaeis guineensis ) cake (PKC) is a by-product of the biofuel industry, obtained after extracting the oil from the fruit, with regular supply throughout the year [ 6 ]. Its composition is favorable for its use in animal feed, since it has, on average, 157 g kg −1 of crude protein (CP), 548 g kg −1 of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and 70 g kg −1 of ether extract (EE) on dry matter (DM) basis [ 7 , 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the literature, it has been shown that the inclusion of PKC in the diet of feedlot goats up to the level of 210 g kg −1 DM did not affect DM intake [ 9 ]. Furthermore, it was observed that the optimal inclusion rate of PKC was 108 g kg −1 DM in high-concentrate diets for feedlot culling goats [ 7 ]. PKC is also recommended in the diet of feedlot beef cattle at an inclusion rate of up to 240 g kg −1 DM of the total diet [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Palm Kernel Cake in Diets for Lactating Goats: Intake, Digestibility, Feeding Behavior, Milk Production, and Nitrogen Metabolism

Ferreira

Leite

Alba

et al. 2022

Animals

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This study was carried out to determine the optimal inclusion rate of palm kernel cake (PKC) in diets for lactating goats based on intake, digestibility, feeding behavior, milk production and nitrogen metabolism. Twelve goats were used, eight Saanen and four Anglo Nubian, with a body weight of 46.0 ± 9.4 kg and 105 ± 5 days of lactation, distributed in a 4 × 4 Latin square design in triplicate. The diets were composed of increasing levels of PKC; 0, 80, 160 and 240 g kg−1 of dry matter (DM). The DM, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and non-fibrous carbohydrates intakes decreased (p < 0.01) with the PKC inclusion. Milk production and milk protein decreased (p = 0.001), and milk production efficiency was not affected (p > 0.05) by the PKC inclusion. The ether extract intake varied quadratically (p < 0.01). Feeding and rumination efficiencies of dry matter and NDF were reduced (p < 0.001). The fat and total solids contents of the milk were influenced quadratically (p < 0.05). Nitrogen excretion (feces and milk), and retained nitrogen decreased (p < 0.001). Moderate use of up to 80 g kg−1 DM of PKC in the diet of lactating goats is recommended since at these levels milk production or body weight are significantly affected.

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Exploring the effects of palm kernel meal feeding on the meat quality and rumen microorganisms of Qinghai Tibetan sheep

Raza

Gui

et al. 2023

Food Science & Nutrition

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Palm kernel meal (PKM) has been shown to be a high‐quality protein source in ruminant feeds. This study focused on the effects of feed, supplemented with different amounts of PKM (ZL‐0 as blank group, and ZL‐15, ZL‐18, and ZL‐21 as treatment group), on the quality and flavor profile of Tibetan sheep meat. Furthermore, the deposition of beneficial metabolites in Tibetan sheep and the composition of rumen microorganisms on underlying regulatory mechanisms of meat quality were studied based on ultra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry as well as 16S rDNA sequencing. The results of the study showed that Tibetan sheep in the ZL‐18 group exhibited superior eating quality and flavor profile while depositing more protein and fat relative to the other groups. The ZL‐18 group also changed significantly in terms of the concentration and metabolic pathways of meat metabolites, as revealed by metabolomics. Metabolomics and correlation analyses finally showed that PKM feed mainly affected carbohydrate metabolism in muscle, which in turn affects meat pH, tenderness, and flavor. In addition, 18% of PKM increased the abundance of Christensenellaceae R‐7 group, Ruminococcaceae UCG‐013, Lachnospiraceae UCG‐002, and Family XIII AD3011 group in the rumen but decreased the abundance of Prevotella 1; the above bacteria groups regulate meat quality by regulating rumen metabolites (succinic acid, DL‐glutamic acid, etc.). Overall, the addition of PKM may improve the quality and flavor of the meat by affecting muscle metabolism and microorganisms in the rumen.

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Digestibility, nitrogen metabolism, ingestive behavior and performance of feedlot goats fed high-concentrate diets with palm kernel cake

Cited by 14 publications

References 28 publications

Palm Kernel Cake in Diets for Lactating Goats: Qualitative Aspects of Milk and Cheese

Palm Kernel Cake in Diets for Lactating Goats: Qualitative Aspects of Milk and Cheese

Palm Kernel Cake in Diets for Lactating Goats: Intake, Digestibility, Feeding Behavior, Milk Production, and Nitrogen Metabolism

Exploring the effects of palm kernel meal feeding on the meat quality and rumen microorganisms of Qinghai Tibetan sheep

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