Digestion and Utilization of Cecally Infused Protein by the Equine3

Reitnour, C. M.; Salsbury, R. L.

doi:10.2527/jas1972.3561190x

Cited by 29 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The hay plus extruded flax diet showed a lower CP digestion coefficient than that found in growing horses fed a diet supplemented with 15% of flaxseed meal (Hintz et al, 1971). Reitnour and Salsbury (1972) found that the cecal administration of linseed meal increased the digestibility of total protein and increased nitrogen retention, but DM digestion was significantly decreased when linseed meal was infused. Smolders et al (1990) determined OM digestibility of many compound feeds for horse rations and found higher values for a compound feed containing linseed expeller plus other more digestible ingredients supplying the whole compound feed at 70% (it could be calculated that ,16% of the diet was linseed expeller).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Apparent digestibility of wheat bran and extruded flax in horses determined from the total collection of feces and acid-insoluble ash as an internal marker

Marco

Miraglia

Peiretti

et al. 2012

Animal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Several studies have reported data on comparisons between two methods: the total collection of feces and the internal markers method. The aim of this study was to assess the apparent digestibility of two concentrates and to compare the apparent digestion coefficients using the total collection of feces and acid-insoluble ash (AIA) as the internal marker method. In 2009, six adult geldings aged between 3 and 11 years, with an average weight per trial of 543, 540 and 542 kg, respectively, were used to determine the apparent digestibility by means of three in vivo digestibility trials on hay, hay plus wheat bran (60 : 40) and hay plus extruded flax (80 : 20). Feces were collected over a 6-day period with a previous 14-day adaptation period. The three digestibility trials were carried out to determine the digestion coefficients of the three diets and, indirectly, of the two concentrates. The digestion coefficients of the diets were determined for the dry matter, organic matter, crude protein and gross energy, whereas the apparent digestion coefficients of the same parameters were calculated for wheat bran and extruded flax, by calculating the difference from the previous results. The data were analyzed using the Student t-test for paired samples. The digestion coefficients obtained were similar when the total collection of feces and the AIA method were used. Higher data variability, confirmed by a greater standard deviation, was observed using the AIA method to estimate the apparent digestion coefficients. It can be concluded that the use of AIA as an internal marker in digestibility trials on average leads to values similar to those obtained with the total collection of feces and can therefore be considered a less-expensive method to determine apparent digestion coefficients. Nevertheless, the total collection of feces should still be considered the best choice to determine the digestibility of some specific feedstuffs.Keywords: horse, apparent digestibility, acid-insoluble ash, total feces collection, concentrates ImplicationsThis study is part of a broad series of digestibility trials that aimed to evaluate the apparent digestibility of a wide range of different feedstuffs and to compare two assessment methods, namely, the total collection of feces and the internal markers method. The results of this study provide further data to update the digestion coefficients of raw materials and forages, which are usually part of the rations of horses, and that have not yet been referred to in the scientific literature. These results could help improve the current, scientifically based rationing of horses, and could enable companies to produce more suitable compound feeds, according to the particular features of each ingredient.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Apparent digestibility of wheat bran and extruded flax in horses determined from the total collection of feces and acid-insoluble ash as an internal marker

Marco

Miraglia

Peiretti

et al. 2012

Animal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The small intestine is considered the main site of enzymatic hydrolysis of protein in horses (Hintz et al, 1971;Reitnour and Salsbury, 1972); however, the amount of protein that escapes pre-caecal digestion depends on the physical properties of the feed matrix, e.g. a larger proportion of the protein was found to be digested in the hindgut than in the small intestine in horses exclusively fed hay (Gibbs et al, 1988;Gibbs et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cereal starch, protein, and fatty acid pre-caecal disappearance is affected by both feed technological treatment and efficiency of the chewing action in horses

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Total threonine digested in the small intestine was estimated to be 19.8, 26.8, 33.8, 40.1, 47.1 and 53.4 mg/kg BW/day for each treatment, assuming that nitrogen digestibility is 40% in forage (Gibbs et al., ) and 70% in concentrate (Farley et al., ). Even though the structural carbohydrate of forage gets digested in the hindgut and forage protein could get degraded by hindgut microbes, the utilization of nitrogen absorbed in the hindgut seems to be marginal because the absorbed nitrogen in the hindgut is mainly in ammonia form (Reitnour & Salsbury, ; Slade, Bishop, Morris, & Robinson, ). Therefore, the bioavailability of dietary threonine would be similar to the amount of threonine that was estimated to be digested precaecally.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using the indicator amino acid oxidation technique to study threonine requirements in horses receiving a predominantly forage diet

Mok

Levesque

Urschel

2018

Animal Physiology Nutrition

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Threonine has been reported to be the second limiting amino acid in typical equine diets, but its actual requirement has not been determined in horses. To evaluate amino acid metabolism and requirements, the indicator amino acid oxidation (IAAO) method has been successfully used in other species. The objective of this research was to estimate threonine requirements in mature horses fed timothy hay and concentrate in 4:1 ratio using the IAAO method. Six Thoroughbred mares (579.9 ± 46.7 kg) received each of 6 levels of threonine intake, 41, 51, 61, 70, 80 and 89 mg/kg BW/day, in a randomly determined order. Each study period was 7-day long, and on day 6, blood samples were collected before and 90 min after feeding to measure amino acid concentrations using HPLC. On day 7, horses underwent IAAO procedures, which included a 2-hr primed, constant intravenous infusion of [ C]sodium bicarbonate to measure total CO production and a 4-hr primed, constant oral administration of [1- C]phenylalanine to estimate phenylalanine oxidation to CO . Blood and breath samples were collected to measure blood [ C]phenylalanine, using GC-MS analysis and breath CO enrichment, using an infrared isotope analyser. Increasing threonine intake levels did not affect plasma phenylalanine oxidation by the ANOVA test (p > 0.05) but resulted in a linear decrease in phenylalanine oxidation (p = 0.04) without a breakpoint by the orthogonal linear contrast. This study is the first attempt to evaluate threonine requirements in horses by the IAAO method; however, threonine requirements are still unknown in mature horses at this time.

show abstract

Digestion and Utilization of Cecally Infused Protein by the Equine3

Cited by 29 publications

References 6 publications

Apparent digestibility of wheat bran and extruded flax in horses determined from the total collection of feces and acid-insoluble ash as an internal marker

Apparent digestibility of wheat bran and extruded flax in horses determined from the total collection of feces and acid-insoluble ash as an internal marker

Cereal starch, protein, and fatty acid pre-caecal disappearance is affected by both feed technological treatment and efficiency of the chewing action in horses

Using the indicator amino acid oxidation technique to study threonine requirements in horses receiving a predominantly forage diet

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About