Digital Biomarkers of Gait and Balance in Diabetic Foot, Measurable by Wearable Inertial Measurement Units: A Mini Review

Kang, Gu Eon; Stout, Angeloh; Waldon, Ke’Vaughn; Kang, Seung-Min; Killeen, Amanda L.; Crisologo, Peter A.; Siah, Michael; Jupiter, Daniel C.; Najafi, Bijan; Vaziri, Ashkan; Lavery, Lawrence A.

doi:10.3390/s22239278

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…There is considerable recent work that has reported ways in which IMUs might be used for the assessment of standing postural stability and in the assessment of gait outcomes across a wide range of research disciplines [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. In our sister study we demonstrated how IMUs might be used to assess the UTT-30 [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

An Automated Approach to Instrumenting the Up-on-the-Toes Test(s)

et al. 2023

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Normal ankle function provides a key contribution to everyday activities, particularly step/stair ascent and descent, where many falls occur. The rising to up-on-the-toes (UTT) 30 second test (UTT-30) is used in the clinical assessment of ankle muscle strength/function and endurance and is typically assessed by an observer counting the UTT movement completed. The aims of this study are: (i) to determine whether inertial measurement units (IMUs) provide valid assessment of the UTT-30 by comparing IMU-derived metrics with those from a force-platform (FP), and (ii) to describe how IMUs can be used to provide valid assessment of the movement dynamics/stability when performing a single UTT movement that is held for 5 s (UTT-stand). Twenty adults (26.2 ± 7.7 years) performed a UTT-30 and a UTT-stand on a force-platform with IMUs attached to each foot and the lumbar spine. We evaluate the agreement/association between IMU measures and measures determined from the FP. For UTT-30, IMU analysis of peaks in plantarflexion velocity and in FP’s centre of pressure (CoP) velocity was used to identify each repeated UTT movement and provided an objective means to discount any UTT movements that were not completed ‘fully’. UTT movements that were deemed to have not been completed ‘fully’ were those that yielded peak plantarflexion and CoP velocity values during the period of rising to up-on-the-toes that were below 1 SD of each participant’s mean peak rising velocity across their repeated UTT. The number of UTT movements detected by the IMU approach (23.5) agreed with the number determined by the FP (23.6), and each approach determined the same number of ‘fully’ completed movements (IMU, 19.9; FP, 19.7). For UTT-stand, IMU-derived movement dynamics/postural stability were moderately-to-strongly correlated with measures derived from the FP. Our findings highlight that the use of IMUs can provide valid assessment of UTT test(s).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

An Automated Approach to Instrumenting the Up-on-the-Toes Test(s)

et al. 2023

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“…Inertial-based sensors, such as IMUs, consisting of accelerometers and gyroscopes, and sometimes with the addition of magnetometers, are widely used in different applications [ 100 , 101 , 102 , 103 , 104 ]. Mainly used to obtain data on velocity, orientation and gravity force, their applications range from robotics to navigation and have been applied to medicine [ 105 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraoperative Angle Measurement of Anatomical Structures: A Systematic Review

Cruz,

Gonçalves,

Neves

et al. 2024

Sensors

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Ensuring precise angle measurement during surgical correction of orientation-related deformities is crucial for optimal postoperative outcomes, yet there is a lack of an ideal commercial solution. Current measurement sensors and instrumentation have limitations that make their use context-specific, demanding a methodical evaluation of the field. A systematic review was carried out in March 2023. Studies reporting technologies and validation methods for intraoperative angular measurement of anatomical structures were analyzed. A total of 32 studies were included, 17 focused on image-based technologies (6 fluoroscopy, 4 camera-based tracking, and 7 CT-based), while 15 explored non-image-based technologies (6 manual instruments and 9 inertial sensor-based instruments). Image-based technologies offer better accuracy and 3D capabilities but pose challenges like additional equipment, increased radiation exposure, time, and cost. Non-image-based technologies are cost-effective but may be influenced by the surgeon’s perception and require careful calibration. Nevertheless, the choice of the proper technology should take into consideration the influence of the expected error in the surgery, surgery type, and radiation dose limit. This comprehensive review serves as a valuable guide for surgeons seeking precise angle measurements intraoperatively. It not only explores the performance and application of existing technologies but also aids in the future development of innovative solutions.

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“…Additionally, wearable IMUs are used to monitor the safety behaviors of scaffolding workers [188], enhance human location with Wi-Fi sensing [189,190], count exercise repetition [191], and assessment of knee moments [192]. More applications of IMUs can be found in these reviews [193][194][195][196][197][198][199].…”

Section: Imumentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Wearable Healthcare Devices: From Material to Application

Luo,

Tan,

Wen

2024

Bioengineering

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In recent years, the proliferation of wearable healthcare devices has marked a revolutionary shift in the personal health monitoring and management paradigm. These devices, ranging from fitness trackers to advanced biosensors, have not only made healthcare more accessible, but have also transformed the way individuals engage with their health data. By continuously monitoring health signs, from physical-based to biochemical-based such as heart rate and blood glucose levels, wearable technology offers insights into human health, enabling a proactive rather than a reactive approach to healthcare. This shift towards personalized health monitoring empowers individuals with the knowledge and tools to make informed decisions about their lifestyle and medical care, potentially leading to the earlier detection of health issues and more tailored treatment plans. This review presents the fabrication methods of flexible wearable healthcare devices and their applications in medical care. The potential challenges and future prospectives are also discussed.

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Digital Biomarkers of Gait and Balance in Diabetic Foot, Measurable by Wearable Inertial Measurement Units: A Mini Review

Cited by 3 publications

References 62 publications

An Automated Approach to Instrumenting the Up-on-the-Toes Test(s)

An Automated Approach to Instrumenting the Up-on-the-Toes Test(s)

Intraoperative Angle Measurement of Anatomical Structures: A Systematic Review

Recent Advances in Wearable Healthcare Devices: From Material to Application

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