Digital diplomacy in GCC countries: Strategic communication of Western embassies on Twitter

Strauß, Nadine; Kruikemeier, Sanne; Meulen, Heleen van der; Noort, Guda van

doi:10.1016/j.giq.2015.08.001

Cited by 62 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Despite the focus on information disclosure and transparency of funding, a participatory approach of citizens in decision making is still limited. The social media use in the organizations is consistent with several studies [21,[50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68] that point out the use of social media predominantly for the information disclosure limiting the citizens opinions in decisions.…”

Section: E-participation Formssupporting

confidence: 86%

“…The use of social media in organizations to increase the transparency and dissemination of the edicts reinforces the researches [49,57,86,87] that demonstrate that social media promote and facilitate the availability and access to government information. This provision favors social control and citizen participation in government actions.…”

Section: E-participation Driversmentioning

confidence: 74%

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E-participation with Social media in Science, Technology and Innovation: Brazilian States Research Support Foundations Case

Andrade¹,

Grützmann

2020

Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences

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The use of social media has advanced in all social strata with effect on citizen participation in political discussions. In the context of Science, Technology and Innovation (ST&I) policies, bringing citizens closer together is a challenge for scientific and governmental institutions. The Brazilian States Research Support Foundations (RSF) show interest in promoting this approach to legitimize investments in science. Studies on the effects of social media on the relations between science, society and government are scarce. This research analyzed how e-participation, through social media, promotes citizen participation in the ST&I policies and actions of the RSFs. Nine organizations, including at least one Foundation from each Brazilian region, participated in this study. The main contribution of social media was the ability to intensify the interactions between government, researchers and citizens, using an informal and accessible language. E-participation can facilitate the approximation of civil society to ST&I activities to deal with these challenges. E-participation is understood as the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), mainly the Internet, to promote citizen participation in the agenda-setting and decision-making [10][11][12]. Also, it contributes to the citizen participation process by providing communication technologies by making information accessible and creating a broader interaction environment [10]. The improvement of the ICTs brought tools for creating and sharing user content, like Youtube, Twitter and Facebook. The so-called social media broaden the channels of dialogue with multiple actors and higher opinions heterogeneity [13], being one of the most used e-participation tools [14]. The communication and speed are increased at a reduced cost, enabling an equitable participation process [15]. The government can place itself where citizens already are communicating [16]. In contrast, the heterogeneity and the volume of opinions make it difficult for information analysis [13,17,18]. Citizens' interest in participation does not always go well as expected [19,20] and government institutions may not use social media for closer dialogue with citizens [21].Research associating e-participation to the ST&I policies and actions, in particular, using social media as tools is lacking. Ho et al. [22] point out the need for

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Section: E-participation Formssupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: E-participation Driversmentioning

confidence: 74%

E-participation with Social media in Science, Technology and Innovation: Brazilian States Research Support Foundations Case

Andrade¹,

Grützmann

2020

Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences

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“…More recently, studies have incorporated a social network approach (e.g., Kinne, ) to examine the structure of relations among actors and the social systems built as a result. The digital arena, however, is largely understudied with the exception of descriptive studies looking at how individual countries and diplomats interact or should interact with audiences (e.g., Hoffmann, ; Melissen & Caesar‐Gordon, ; Strauß, Kruikemeier, van der Meulen, & van Noort, ). In this study, we present a structural examination of how brick and mortar diplomatic networks are digitized by comparing the similarities and differences between embassy and Twitter networks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Embassy Ties to Twitter Links: Comparing Offline and Online Diplomatic Networks

Sevin¹,

Manor²

2019

Policy & Internet

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This article investigates how diplomatic networks move into a new digital media platform, namely Twitter, through the analytical lenses of networked diplomacy studies and mediatization. We employ the studies in the former field to argue for the need to study the entire network to evaluate diplomatic relations, rather than relying on bilateral relations alone. Mediatization is then introduced to argue that moving to a digital platform (i.e., digitization) is a process in which countries might end up enjoying different levels of technology adoption. We first use social network analysis to compare the sizes and structures of brick and mortar embassy networks and Twitter following–follower relationship networks among ministries and ministers of foreign affairs of 130 countries. We then present a theoretical explanation of digitization of diplomatic networks. Our findings suggest that the majority of countries still have a larger diplomatic presence offline compared to their Twitter network. However, the structures of offline and online networks are similar, showing that countries have diplomatic relations (whether brick and mortar embassies or Twitter links) with the same groups of countries. We conclude by presenting the variance of the digitization process among countries.

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“…Diplomatic language should be constructive and positive. Diplomats in their communication should be careful not to appear superior, indifferent, controlling or offensive towards other actors in international relations (Jönsson and Hall 2005;Park and Lim 2014;Strauss, Kruikemeier, Meulen, and Noort 2015).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Twiplomacy in the age of Donald Trump: Is the diplomatic code changing?

Šimunjak

Caliandro

2019

The Information Society

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Digital diplomacy in GCC countries: Strategic communication of Western embassies on Twitter

Cited by 62 publications

References 51 publications

E-participation with Social media in Science, Technology and Innovation: Brazilian States Research Support Foundations Case

E-participation with Social media in Science, Technology and Innovation: Brazilian States Research Support Foundations Case

From Embassy Ties to Twitter Links: Comparing Offline and Online Diplomatic Networks

Twiplomacy in the age of Donald Trump: Is the diplomatic code changing?

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