Digital holography wave-front sensing in the presence of strong atmospheric turbulence and thermal blooming

Spencer, Mark F.; Dragulin, Ivan; Cargill, Daniel S.; Steinbock, Michael J.

doi:10.1117/12.2189943

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…7 do not agree with the results presented in Ref. 37. This is said because the performance trends are opposite of those found in Ref.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 55%

“…This is said because the performance trends are opposite of those found in Ref. 37, particularly for high SNRs. Regardless of the strength of the aberrations, Fig.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 40%

“…If the amplitude of the reference is set to be well above the amplitude of the signal (i.e., jA R j ≫ jA S j), then this functional overlap becomes negligible-a fundamental result obtained in Ref. 37.…”

Section: Model Setup and Explorationmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…37 showed that for a constant number of pixels N across the FPA, the average S F values are always greatest given Q I ¼ 2. In general, lower Q I 's provide more samples across the complex-field estimate, which in turn minimizes the smoothing caused by the final 2-D convolution in Eq.…”

Section: Optical Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 concludes this paper. Before moving on to the next section, it is important to note that a lot of the simulation framework used in this paper originates from an earlier conference paper by Spencer et al 37 It is our belief that this paper greatly extends upon the work contained in Ref. 37 by including the deleterious effects of detection noise within the analysis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deep-turbulence wavefront sensing using digital-holographic detection in the off-axis image plane recording geometry

et al. 2016

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, "Deep-turbulence wavefront sensing using digital-holographic detection in the off-axis image plane recording geometry," Opt. Eng. Abstract. This paper develops wave-optics simulations which explore the estimation accuracy of digital-holographic detection for wavefront sensing in the presence of distributed-volume or "deep" turbulence and detection noise. Specifically, the analysis models spherical-wave propagation through varying deep-turbulence conditions along a horizontal propagation path and formulates the field-estimated Strehl ratio as a function of the diffractionlimited sampling quotient and signal-to-noise ratio. Such results will allow the reader to assess the number of pixels, pixel field of view, pixel-well depth, and read-noise standard deviation needed from a focal-plane array when using digital-holographic detection in the off-axis image plane recording geometry for deep-turbulence wavefront sensing. © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.

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“…7 do not agree with the results presented in Ref. 37. This is said because the performance trends are opposite of those found in Ref.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 55%

“…This is said because the performance trends are opposite of those found in Ref. 37, particularly for high SNRs. Regardless of the strength of the aberrations, Fig.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 40%

Section: Model Setup and Explorationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Optical Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deep-turbulence wavefront sensing using digital-holographic detection in the off-axis image plane recording geometry

et al. 2016

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The AFRL Scholars Program: a STEM-based summer internship initiative

et al. 2016

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The Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) Scholars Program offers stipend-paid summer internship opportunities to undergraduate-and graduate-level university students as well as upper-level high school students who are pursuing or plan to pursue degrees in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). Internships through the AFRL Scholars Program are currently offered through the Directed Energy, Space Vehicles, and Munitions Directorates of AFRL with locations at Kirtland Air Force Base, New Mexico, Eglin Air Force Base, Florida, and Maui, Hawaii. Throughout their internships, AFRL Scholars gain valuable hands-on experience working with full-time AFRL scientists and engineers on cutting-edge research and technology. Overall, the selected interns are able to contribute to unique, research-based projects which often contain a strong emphasis in optics and photonics. This paper celebrates the continued success of the AFRL Scholars Program and shares a statistical overview of its growth over the past few years. In particular, the analysis focuses on how these STEM-related internships will hopefully meet the needs of an aging AFRL workforce in the years to come. This paper also provides an overview of two optics and photonics related internships at the undergraduate and graduate levels, respectively. Both interns received the Outstanding AFRL Scholar Award in their respective categories and are currently pursuing careers in optics and photonics based on their experiences as AFRL Scholars.

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Numerical simulation of steady-state thermal blooming with natural convection

et al. 2023

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This work investigates steady-state thermal blooming of a high-energy laser in the presence of laser-driven convection. While thermal blooming has historically been simulated with prescribed fluid velocities, the model introduced here solves for the fluid dynamics along the propagation path using a Boussinesq approximation to the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations. The resultant temperature fluctuations were coupled to refractive index fluctuations, and the beam propagation was modeled using the paraxial wave equation. Fixed-point methods were used to solve the fluid equations as well as to couple the beam propagation to the steady-state flow. The simulated results are discussed relative to recent experimental thermal blooming results [Opt. Laser Technol. 146, 107568 (2022) OLTCAS0030-399210.1016/j.optlastec.2021.107568], with half-moon irradiance patterns matching for a laser wavelength at moderate absorption. Higher energy lasers were simulated within an atmospheric transmission window, with the laser irradiance exhibiting crescent profiles.

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Digital holography wave-front sensing in the presence of strong atmospheric turbulence and thermal blooming

Cited by 8 publications

References 16 publications

Deep-turbulence wavefront sensing using digital-holographic detection in the off-axis image plane recording geometry

Deep-turbulence wavefront sensing using digital-holographic detection in the off-axis image plane recording geometry

The AFRL Scholars Program: a STEM-based summer internship initiative

Numerical simulation of steady-state thermal blooming with natural convection

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