“…Digital literacy competence must be developed and improved in higher education settings. Buckingham, (2015); Pudjiati & Fitria (2022); Murtafi'ah & Putro (2019); Hicks & Turner (2013), Kadayuman & Battal (2020), Hall, nix & Baker (2017, Mega (2020), argued that students should optimize the use of digital literacy competence in their learning process, especially in the growth of their capability in using technology. Digital literacy competence has many advantages in engaging students' abilities.…”