The article describes the specifics of the concept of digital competencies in the context of the development of an innovative economy. A brief comparison of the concepts of digital literacy, media literacy and digital competencies is carried out, their general and specific features are indicated. The main applications of digital competencies, both economic and socio-cultural, are indicated. An example of a comprehensive program for the development of digital competencies within the European Union is presented, as well as the place androle of the concept of “digital competencies” in programs for long-term socio-economic and educational development of Russia.