Digital watermarking of uncompressed video in spatial domain

Tokar, Tamas; Kanocz, Tomas; Levický, Dušan

doi:10.1109/radioelek.2009.5158780

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The original video frames are scanned according to orders to obtain a one-dimensional signal, and the watermark information is modulated into pseudorandom sequences by spread spectrum technology and embedded in the video signal [27]. In a previous paper [28], the watermark was expanded to the same size as the video frame, and then embedded frame by frame. Since the same watermarks in different frames amplify each other during the averaging process, the proposed scheme can resist frame averaging attacks.…”

Section: Video Watermarking In Spatial Domainmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey on Robust Video Watermarking Algorithms for Copyright Protection

Wang

Zhou

2018

Applied Sciences

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With the development and popularization of the Internet and the rise of various live broadcast platforms, digital videos have penetrated into all aspects of people’s life. At the same time, all kinds of pirated videos are also flooding the Internet, which seriously infringe the rights and interests of video copyright owners and hinder the healthy development of the video industry. Therefore, robust video watermarking algorithms for copyright protection have emerged as these times require. In this paper, we review robust video watermarking algorithms for copyright protection based on original videos and compressed videos. Basic models and properties of video watermarking algorithms are described, and the evaluation indexes corresponding to each property are also introduced. To help researchers understand various existing robust watermarking algorithms quickly, some basic information and the quantitative estimation of several performances are analyzed and compared. Finally, we discuss the challenges in the research of robust video watermarking algorithms, and give possible development directions for the future.

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Section: Video Watermarking In Spatial Domainmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey on Robust Video Watermarking Algorithms for Copyright Protection

Wang

Zhou

2018

Applied Sciences

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“…While the spatial domain technique is easy to implement, sometimes adding noise can entirely demolish the watermark. Attackers may also be able to detect spatial domain watermarks by comparing the anticipated sample with the signal actually received [22].…”

Section: Background To the Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

A robust video watermarking technique for the tamper detection of surveillance systems

Arab

Abdullah

Hashim

et al. 2015

Multimed Tools Appl

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A digital watermark embeds an imperceptible signal into data such as audio, video and images, for different purposes including authentication and tamper detection. A real-time video surveillance application requires a large quantity of sequences to be processed, which makes computational efficiency an additional constraint on video watermarking for surveillance systems. As a result, spatial domain schemes are a more efficient than frequency domain schemes. This paper focuses on video watermarking, particularly with respect to the Audio Video Interleaved (AVI) form of video file format. It proposes two new watermarking schemes which seem to offer a high degree of imperceptibility and efficient tamper detection. Both schemes were subjected to nine different types of common attack, which revealed one scheme, VW8F, to be superior, particularly in terms of imperceptibility. VW8F was then compared with a range of similar schemes by other authors. The results show that VW8F offers both improved imperceptibility (average PSNR of 47.87 dB) and proven efficiency at detecting a wider range of tampering compared to the other similar schemes.

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“…Many research proposed different techniques for video watermark in compressed [6]- [8] and uncompressed domains [9] [10]. Some methods extend image watermarking algorithms by considering that video frames are still consecutive images while other methods based on inherent features of the video sequence like motion vectors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiresolution Video Watermarking Algorithm Exploiting the Block-Based Motion Estimation

Mostafa¹,

Ali²

2016

JIS

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This paper presents a novel technique for embedding a digital watermark into video frames based on motion vectors and discrete wavelet transform (DWT). In the proposed scheme, the binary image watermark is divided into blocks and each watermark block is embedded several times in each selected video frame at different locations. The block-based motion estimation algorithm is used to select the video frame blocks having the greatest motion vectors magnitude. The DWT is applied to the selected frame blocks, and then, the watermark block is hidden into these blocks by modifying the coefficients of the Horizontal sub-bands (HL). Adding the watermark at different locations in the same video frame makes the scheme more robust against different types of attacks. The method was tested on different types of videos. The average peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and the normalized correlation (NC) are used to measure the performance of the proposed method. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm does not affect the visual quality of video frames and the scheme is robust against a variety of attacks.

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Digital watermarking of uncompressed video in spatial domain

Cited by 13 publications

References 4 publications

A Survey on Robust Video Watermarking Algorithms for Copyright Protection

A Survey on Robust Video Watermarking Algorithms for Copyright Protection

A robust video watermarking technique for the tamper detection of surveillance systems

Multiresolution Video Watermarking Algorithm Exploiting the Block-Based Motion Estimation

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