Dihydropteridine reductase activity in the brainstem of intrauterine growth‐restricted rats

Manjarrez-Gutiérrez, Gabriel; González-Ramírez, Misael; de, Alfonso Boyzo-Montes; Hernández-Rodríguez, Jorge

doi:10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2010.07.227

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…This is supported by a recent study by Piechal and collaborators [28] that conclude that 5-HT does not affect learning and memory. However, other studies reported a significant increase of 5-HT [9,21]. Discrepancies on the effect of 5-HT levels in IUGR animals may be due to the procedure by which IUGR was induced.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In contrast, in our study, the IUGR was achievement with the ligation of the placenta vessels which supply to the fetus. Others factors could be explain the differences among studies, such as the cerebral structures included measuring 5-HT changes; here we employed the frontal Ctx, Str and Hipp in comparison with the parietotemporal Ctx [9] or brainstem [21]. Finally, the time of recollection of the samples, while Manjarrez and collaborators used tissues from postnatal days 1, 10, 15 and 21, we only used postnatal day 0.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Altered levels of brain neurotransmitter from new born rabbits with intrauterine restriction

Hernández‐Andrade

Cortés-Camberos

Díaz

et al. 2015

Neuroscience Letters

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered levels of brain neurotransmitter from new born rabbits with intrauterine restriction

Hernández‐Andrade

Cortés-Camberos

Díaz

et al. 2015

Neuroscience Letters

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Increased expression of tryptophan‐5‐hydroxylase 1, but not 2, in brainstem as a result of intrauterine malnutrition

Manjarrez-Gutiérrez

Martínez-Radilla

et al. 2012

Intl J of Devlp Neuroscience

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The aim of this study was to determine whether intrauterine malnutrition (IUM) produces a change in the expression of tryptophan-5-hydroxylase (TPH) 1 and/or 2 as the primary mechanism to explain the observed chronic cerebral acceleration of the synthesis of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT). We used an IUM model and controls with ages of 1, 15 and 21 days. The brainstem was obtained to determine L-tryptophan, 5-HT and TPH activity. Expression of TPH1 and TPH2 via specific antibodies for each was also evaluated by immunocytochemistry and Western blot. Malnourished offspring had a significant elevation of L-Trp, TPH activity and 5-HT in the brainstem. Both isoforms (1 and 2) of TPH were expressed from birth in both groups; however, TPH1 expression was significantly higher in offspring with IUM in relation to the controls. Importantly, these malnourished offspring showed reduced expression of TPH2 compared to controls. It was confirmed that IUM produces an increase in 5-HT in the brainstem and also showed increased expression of TPH1 at birth, with decreased expression of TPH2. These findings together allow us to propose that chronic elevation of synthesis of 5-HT observed in the brain of the offspring with IUM is probably due to a change in the expression and activity of TPH1 induced from fetal life.

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The consequences of fetal growth restriction on brain structure and neurodevelopmental outcome

Miller

Hüppi

Mallard

2016

The Journal of Physiology

457

412

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Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a significant complication of pregnancy describing a fetus that does not grow to full potential due to pathological compromise. FGR affects 3–9% of pregnancies in high‐income countries, and is a leading cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity. Placental insufficiency is the principal cause of FGR, resulting in chronic fetal hypoxia. This hypoxia induces a fetal adaptive response of cardiac output redistribution to favour vital organs, including the brain, and is in consequence called brain sparing. Despite this, it is now apparent that brain sparing does not ensure normal brain development in growth‐restricted fetuses. In this review we have brought together available evidence from human and experimental animal studies to describe the complex changes in brain structure and function that occur as a consequence of FGR. In both humans and animals, neurodevelopmental outcomes are influenced by the timing of the onset of FGR, the severity of FGR, and gestational age at delivery. FGR is broadly associated with reduced total brain volume and altered cortical volume and structure, decreased total number of cells and myelination deficits. Brain connectivity is also impaired, evidenced by neuronal migration deficits, reduced dendritic processes, and less efficient networks with decreased long‐range connections. Subsequent to these structural alterations, short‐ and long‐term functional consequences have been described in school children who had FGR, most commonly including problems in motor skills, cognition, memory and neuropsychological dysfunctions.

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Dihydropteridine reductase activity in the brainstem of intrauterine growth‐restricted rats

Cited by 3 publications

References 36 publications

Altered levels of brain neurotransmitter from new born rabbits with intrauterine restriction

Altered levels of brain neurotransmitter from new born rabbits with intrauterine restriction

Increased expression of tryptophan‐5‐hydroxylase 1, but not 2, in brainstem as a result of intrauterine malnutrition

The consequences of fetal growth restriction on brain structure and neurodevelopmental outcome

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