Dimensionality of DSM-5 posttraumatic stress disorder and its association with suicide attempts: results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions-III

Chen, Chiung M.; Yoon, Young-Hee; Harford, Thomas C.; Grant, Bridget F.

doi:10.1007/s00127-017-1374-0

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 60 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Our results align theoretically with recent findings that a general "transdiagnostic" factor as well as several specific factors often underlie psychopathology symptom data (e.g., Chen, Yoon, Harford, & Grant, 2017;Reininghaus et al, 2016;Shevlin, McElroy, Bentall, Reininghaus, & Murphy, 2017). However, traditional confirmatory approaches to bifactor analysis are unlikely to arrive at the complex factor structure uncovered here.…”

Section: A Big-five Personality Factors Data Setsupporting

confidence: 91%

A Deep Learning Algorithm for High-Dimensional Exploratory Item Factor Analysis

Urban

Bauer

2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Deep learning methods are the gold standard for non-linear statistical modeling in computer vision and in natural language processing but are rarely used in psychometrics. To bridge this gap, we present a novel deep learning algorithm for exploratory item factor analysis (IFA). Our approach combines a deep artificial neural network (ANN) model called a variational autoencoder (VAE) with recent work that uses regularization for exploratory factor analysis. We first provide overviews of ANNs and VAEs. We then describe how to conduct exploratory IFA with a VAE and demonstrate our approach in two empirical examples and in two simulated examples. Our empirical results were consistent with existing psychological theory across random starting values. Our simulations suggest that the VAE consistently recovers the data generating factor pattern with moderate-sized samples. Secondary loadings were underestimated with a complex factor structure and intercept parameter estimates were moderately biased with both simple and complex factor structures. All models converged in minutes, even with hundreds of thousands of observations, hundreds of items, and tens of factors. We conclude that the VAE offers a powerful new approach to fitting complex statistical models in psychological and educational measurement.

show abstract

Section: A Big-five Personality Factors Data Setsupporting

confidence: 91%

A Deep Learning Algorithm for High-Dimensional Exploratory Item Factor Analysis

Urban

Bauer

2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Chen and colleagues [38] analyzed the data from 36,309 U.S. adults (≥18 years) from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions-III and found that both PTSD and anhedonia were associated with attempting suicide.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Anhedonia Be Considered a Suicide Risk Factor? A Review of the Literature

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and Objectives: At present, data collected from the literature about suicide and anhedonia are controversial. Some studies have shown that low levels of anhedonia are associated with serious suicide attempts and death by suicide, while other studies have shown that high levels of anhedonia are associated with suicide. Materials and Methods: For this review, we searched PubMed, Medline, and ScienceDirect for clinical studies published from 1 January 1990 to 31 December 2018 with the following search terms used in the title or in the abstract: “anhedonia AND suicid*.” We obtained a total of 155 articles; 133 items were excluded using specific exclusion criteria, the remaining 22 articles included were divided into six groups based on the psychiatric diagnosis: mood disorders, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), other diagnoses, attempted suicides, and others (healthy subjects). Results: The results of this review reveal inconsistencies. Some studies reported that high anhedonia scores were associated with suicidal behavior (regardless of the diagnosis), while other studies found that low anhedonia scores were associated with suicidal behavior, and a few studies reported no association. The most consistent association between anhedonia and suicidal behavior was found for affective disorders (7 of 7 studies reported a significant positive association) and for PTSD (3 of 3 studies reported a positive association). In the two studies of patients with schizophrenia, one found no association, and one found a negative association. For patients who attempted suicide (undiagnosed), one study found a positive association, one a positive association only for depressed attempters, and one a negative association. Conclusions: We found the most consistent positive association for patients with affective disorders and PTSD, indicating that the assessment of anhedonia may be useful in the evaluation of suicidal risk.

show abstract

“…PTSD's relationship with suicidal ideation was found to be mediated by the presence of the depressive symptoms it caused; this finding was the strongest support for the use of GST in examining the relationships between PTSD, depression, and suicidality. The results of this study also suggested that one possible cause for the inconsistent significant relationship found between PTSD and suicidality in some studies was this mediating relationship (Chen et al, 2017;Cougle et al, 2009a). As depression is the most common disorder associated with suicide and is commonly found to be comorbid with PTSD and other mental disorders, it is possible that this result indicates that depression is a priming agent for suicidality.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 51%

“…Individuals with PTSD are roughly 80% more likely to meet the full criteria for at least one other disorder compared to those without PTSD (APA, 2013). Some of the most common disorders experienced comorbidly with PTSD include depression in general (Cougle et al, 2009a(Cougle et al, , 2009bDorrington et al, 2014;Marshall et al, 2001;Stevens et al,2013) and high-risk samples (Chen, Yoon, Harford, & Grant, 2017;Denhof & Spinaris, 2013Rytwinski, Scur, Feeny, & Youngstrom, 2013;Spinaris et al, 2012); alcohol/substance abuse in both general samples (Neupane, Bramness, & Lien, 2017;Smith et al, 2016) and samples of high-risk populations (Chen et al, 2017;Hellmuth et al, 2012); and Traumatic Brain Injury (especially in military samples) (APA, 2013;Kessler et al, 1995).…”

Section: Ptsd and Comorbiditymentioning

confidence: 99%

A structural equation analysis of the relationships between PTSD, depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation : is general strain theory a viable framework for explaining suicide risk among correctional staff?

Johnson¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

First, I would like to thank my academic mentor and chair, Dr. Kristin Swartz, for her guidance and understanding throughout this writing process. I would also like to thank Dr. Swartz and her research assistants for allowing me to use the data they worked so hard to collect. I would also like to thank Dr. George Higgins for taking his time to teach me an analytic technique I had no business using. Finally, I would like to thank Dr. Matthew Logan for serving on my committee.

show abstract

Dimensionality of DSM-5 posttraumatic stress disorder and its association with suicide attempts: results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions-III

Cited by 10 publications

References 60 publications

A Deep Learning Algorithm for High-Dimensional Exploratory Item Factor Analysis

A Deep Learning Algorithm for High-Dimensional Exploratory Item Factor Analysis

Can Anhedonia Be Considered a Suicide Risk Factor? A Review of the Literature

A structural equation analysis of the relationships between PTSD, depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation : is general strain theory a viable framework for explaining suicide risk among correctional staff?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About