Dimethyl methyl phosphate: A new nonflammable electrolyte solvent for lithium-ion batteries

Bis(2,2,2-Trifluoroethyl) Ethylphosphonate as Novel High-efficient Flame Retardant Additive for Safer Lithium-ion Battery

“…Moreover, the lithium insertion/extraction current peaks below 0.2 V are highly reversible in the CV curves, indicating good compatibility of TFEP with graphite anode. This property is distinctly superior to those ordinary phosphates such as DMMP [7,11], TMP [3][4][5], and TEP [22], indicating that fluorinated phosphonates may be able to help form stable SEI film to suppress further electrolyte decomposition or coinsertion of solvent into the graphite. As for the cathodes, a characteristic pair of redox peaks around 3.6 V for LiFePO 4 and two characteristic pairs of redox peaks around 3.8-4.3 V for LiMn 2 O 4 are observed apparently, similar to those exhibited in pure carbonate electrolyte [23][24][25].…”

“…One of the most immediate strategies to address the thermal safety of electrolytes is to lower the electrolyte inflammability by using flame retardants as additives or cosolvents [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Among the variety of flame retardant additives, organophosphates are commonly applied, due to their low viscosity and high solubility, such as trimethyl phosphate (TMP) [3][4][5], triethyl phosphate (TEP) [6], dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) [7,11,15], diethyl ethylphosphonate (DEEP) [8], and so on.…”

“…Among the variety of flame retardant additives, organophosphates are commonly applied, due to their low viscosity and high solubility, such as trimethyl phosphate (TMP) [3][4][5], triethyl phosphate (TEP) [6], dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) [7,11,15], diethyl ethylphosphonate (DEEP) [8], and so on. However, organophosphates have the drawbacks of lower flame retardant efficiency and poor electrochemical compatibility with electrode materials.…”

Nonaqueous Electrolytes with Advances in Solvents

“…Almost the same discharge capacity and cycle performance are reported for LiMn 2 O 4 in LiBF 4 /EC + DMC + TMP as those in the conventional electrolyte solutions without TMP [ 106 ]. Other alkylphosphates have also been examined as fi re-retardant additives or cosolvents in LIB electrolytes [ 112 ]. With respect to fi re-retardant ability, the length of the alkyl chain in the phosphates is critical.…”

“…Feng et al [ 112 ] reported the use of dimethyl methyl phosphate (DMMP) as a nonfl ammable solvent. The basic properties of DMMP are between those of TMP and triethylphosphate (TEP).…”