“Diminishing returns” for leaves of five age‐groups of <i>Phyllostachys edulis</i> culms

Guo, Xuchen; Shi, Peijian; Niinemets, Ülo; Hölscher, Dirk; Wang, Rong; Liu, Mengdi; Li, Yirong; Dong, Lihu; Niklas, Karl J.

doi:10.1002/ajb2.1738

Cited by 26 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Leaves are the most active and primary photosynthetic plant organ (Elser et al, 2010 ; Yang et al, 2019 ), their size and structure exhibit a tradeoff between the support cost and photosynthetic returns during plant adaptation to environmental changes (Shi et al, 2020 , 2022 ; Guo et al, 2021 ; Li et al, 2022a , b ), and leaf stoichiometry can reflect the tradeoff formed in this evolution from the angle of leaf chemical elements and its spatio-temporal variations (Baxter and Dilkes, 2012 ; Cao et al, 2020 ; Zhu et al, 2020 ). Leaf C/N and C/P were widely accepted as effective indicators of plants' N and P use efficiency and growth rate, and their lower values indicated lower nutrient utilization efficiency and higher plant growth (Weidner et al, 2015 ; Sun et al, 2017 ; Cao et al, 2020 ; Zhang et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of leaf stoichiometry of Potentilla anserina to elevation in China's Qilian Mountains

Zhang

Qi²,

Cao³

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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Plants adapt to changes in elevation by regulating their leaf ecological stoichiometry. Potentilla anserina L. that grows rapidly under poor or even bare soil conditions has become an important ground cover plant for ecological restoration. However, its leaf ecological stoichiometry has been given little attention, resulting in an insufficient understanding of its environmental adaptability and growth strategies. The objective of this study was to compare the leaf stoichiometry of P. anserina at different elevations (2,400, 2,600, 2,800, 3,000, 3,200, 3,500, and 3,800 m) in the middle eastern part of Qilian Mountains. With an increase in elevation, leaf carbon concentration [(C)leaf] significantly decreased, with the maximum value of 446.04 g·kg−1 (2,400 m) and the minimum value of 396.78 g·kg−1 (3,500 m). Leaf nitrogen concentration [(N)leaf] also increased with an increase in elevation, and its maximum and minimum values were 37.57 g·kg−1 (3,500 m) and 23.71 g·kg−1 (2,800 m), respectively. Leaf phosphorus concentration [(P)leaf] was the highest (2.79 g·kg−1) at 2,400 m and the lowest (0.91 g·kg−1) at 2,800 m. The [C]leaf/[N]leaf decreased with an increase in elevation, while [N]leaf/[P]leaf showed an opposite trend. The mean annual temperature, mean annual precipitation, soil pH, organic carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus at different elevations mainly affected [C]leaf, [N]leaf, and [P]leaf. The growth of P. anserina in the study area was mainly limited by P, and this limitation was stronger with increased elevation. Progressively reducing P loss at high elevation is of great significance to the survival of P. anserina in this specific region.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of leaf stoichiometry of Potentilla anserina to elevation in China's Qilian Mountains

Zhang

Qi²,

Cao³

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…For Model-1, -3, and -5 in Table 2, there are fixed slopes of 1, 2, and 2 on a log-log plot. Log-log plots were used because the distribution of leaf area is usually slightly skewed, and so log-transformation helps to normalize the data (Shi et al, 2019a;Yu et al, 2020;Guo et al, 2021). The bootstrap percentile method was used to calculate the 95% confidence interval (CI) of the difference in the estimated MP values between each pair of the nine studied species (Efron & Tibshirani, 1993;Sandhu et al, 2011).…”

Section: Models and Statistical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Ellipticalness index – a simple measure of the complexity of oval leaf shape

Li¹,

Quinn²,

Niinemets³

et al. 2022

PAK. J. BOT.

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Plants have diverse leaf shapes that have evolved to adapt to the environments they have experienced over their evolutionary history. Leaf shape and leaf size can greatly influence the growth rate, competitive ability, and productivity of plants. However, researchers have long struggled to decide how to properly quantify the complexity of leaf shape. Prior studies recommended the leaf roundness index (RI = 4πA/P 2 ) or dissection index (DI = √ ⁄), where P is leaf perimeter and A is leaf area. However, these two indices merely measure the extent of the deviation of leaf shape from a circle, which is usually invalid as leaves are seldom circular. In this study, we proposed a simple measure, named the ellipticalness index (EI), for quantifying the complexity of leaf shape based on the hypothesis that the shape of any oval leaf can be regarded as a variation from a standard ellipse. 2220 leaves from nine species of Magnoliaceae were sampled to check the validity of the EI. We also tested the validity of the Montgomery equation (ME), which assumes a proportional relationship between leaf area and the product of leaf length and width, because the EI actually comes from the proportionality coefficient of the ME. We also compared the ME with five other models of leaf area. The ME was found to be the best model for calculating leaf area based on consideration of the trade-off between model fit vs. complexity, which strongly supported the robustness of the EI for describing oval leaf shape. The new index can account for both leaf shape and size, and we conclude that it is a promising method for quantifying and comparing oval leaf shapes across species in future studies.

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“…The leaf is crucial to the growth and development of plants, with the characteristics and variation of leaf structure directly affecting absorption and utilization of light energy and nutrients ( Smith et al, 1997 ; Daas-Ghrib et al, 2011 ). Previous studies have shown that there is a tradeoff between the photosynthetic returns from increasing lamina area and the investment in leaf physical support and hydraulic systems from increasing lamina mass ( Niklas et al, 2007 ; Huang et al, 2019a , b , 2020 ; Guo et al, 2021 ). Lamina thickness and leaf shape have been demonstrated to affect such a tradeoff ( Niinemets et al, 2007 ; Lin et al, 2018 , 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of an Ovate Leaf Shape Model to Evaluate Leaf Bilateral Asymmetry and Calculate Lamina Centroid Location

Yan

Ratkowsky

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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Leaf shape is an important leaf trait, with ovate leaves common in many floras. Recently, a new leaf shape model (referred to as the MLRF equation) derived from temperature-dependent bacterial growth was proposed and demonstrated to be valid in describing leaf boundaries of many species with ovate leaf shape. The MLRF model’s parameters can provide valuable information of leaf shape, including the ratio of lamina width to length and the lamina centroid location on the lamina length axis. However, the model wasn’t tested on a large sample of a single species, thereby limiting its overall evaluation for describing leaf boundaries, for evaluating lamina bilateral asymmetry and for calculating lamina centroid location. In this study, we further test the model using data from two Lauraceae species, Cinnamomum camphora and Machilus leptophylla, with >290 leaves for each species. The equation was found to be credible for describing those shapes, with all adjusted root-mean-square errors (RMSE) smaller than 0.05, indicating that the mean absolute deviation is smaller than 5% of the radius of an assumed circle whose area equals lamina area. It was also found that the larger the extent of lamina asymmetry, the larger the adjusted RMSE, with approximately 50% of unexplained variation by the model accounted for by the lamina asymmetry, implying that this model can help to quantify the leaf bilateral asymmetry in future studies. In addition, there was a significant difference between the two species in their centroid ratio, i.e., the distance from leaf petiole to the point on the lamina length axis associated with leaf maximum width to the leaf maximum length. It was found that a higher centroid ratio does not necessarily lead to a greater investment of mass to leaf petiole relative to lamina, which might depend on the petiole pattern.

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“Diminishing returns” for leaves of five age‐groups of Phyllostachys edulis culms

Cited by 26 publications

References 60 publications

Response of leaf stoichiometry of Potentilla anserina to elevation in China's Qilian Mountains

Response of leaf stoichiometry of Potentilla anserina to elevation in China's Qilian Mountains

Ellipticalness index – a simple measure of the complexity of oval leaf shape

Application of an Ovate Leaf Shape Model to Evaluate Leaf Bilateral Asymmetry and Calculate Lamina Centroid Location

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