The chemistry of organo-gallium and indium complexes with dithiolate and internally functionalised oxo ligands has been explored. With 1,1-dithiolate ligands both classical and organometallic complexes of gallium and indium, [M(S ∩ S) 3 ], [RM(S ∩ S) 2 ] and [R 2 M(S ∩ S)] (where R = Me or Et; M = Ga or In; S ∩ S = RCS 2 , ROCS 2 , R 2 NCS 2 and (RO) 2 PS 2 ) have been isolated. Reactions of internally functionalised oxo ligands with R 3 M·OEt 2 afforded diorganometal complexes [R 2 ML] n . Molecular structures of several of these complexes have been established by single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. Complexes derived from oxo ligands showed photoluminescence. They have been used as alkylating agents for C-C coupling reactions of aryl bromides in the presence of PdCl 2 (PPh 3 ) 2 . Indium dithiolate complexes have been used as molecular precursors for the preparation of mono dispersed β-In 2 S 3 nanoparticles.