Dioxin emissions from waste incinerators

Barton, R.G.; Clark, W.D.; Lanier, W.S.; Seeker, W.R.

doi:10.1016/0045-6535(90)90348-w

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Combustion of municipal solid waste (MSW) produces small amounts of products of incomplete combustion (PICs) such as polychlorinated dibenzo- p -dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs). Analyses of the flue gas in municipal waste incinerators (MWIs) before and after the electrostatic precipitor (ESP) have shown that PCDD/Fs originate for a substantial fraction from chemical transformations in that compartment ( − ).Laboratory studies underscored that their formation is catalyzed by the fly ash present in the ESP ( − ). Recent research in our laboratory has shown that a variety of precusors, from (chlorinated) propenes () to chlorophenols (), promote the formation of PCDDs via fly ash-catalyzed reactions at ca.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlorine Input and Chlorophenol Emission in the Lab-Scale Combustion of Municipal Solid Waste

Kanters

Nispen

Louw

et al. 1996

Environ. Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Incineration of municipal solid waste (MSW) yields a variety of chlorinated aromatics such as chlorophenols. In this study, regular and modified samples of MSW have been processed in a micromodel reactor mimicking the primary combustion chamber of a practical MSW incinerator. To understand the relationships between the origin of chlorine in the feed and the formation of products of incomplete combustion (PICs) and HCl, emitted chlorophenols (CPs) and HCl have been measured. With humidified air as the carrier gas, the chlorine load of regular MSW (ca. 50% due to inorganic chloride, ca. 45% due to PVC) entailed a net CP production of ca. 110 µg/ kg wet MSW. With an (up to 8-fold) increase of the PVC load in the MSW, only a slight increase of this CP emission level has been observed. Also, in replacing the compostables and the other important chlorine carrying fractionssincluding PVCsby cellulose and NaCl, the level of CP emission does not change. Enrichment of the combustion air with HCl leads to twice as high CP levels. Removal of 70% of the PVC and 80% of the compostables results in a reduction of the CP production by a factor of 2.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlorine Input and Chlorophenol Emission in the Lab-Scale Combustion of Municipal Solid Waste

Kanters

Nispen

Louw

et al. 1996

Environ. Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Liquid wastes are usually atomized directly into the flame or are introduced next to the flame. Metals in these wastes encounter high temperatures, may experience reducing conditions, and have a relatively high probability of exiting with the gases as metal vapors or as condensed metal compounds (Barton et al, 1990;Dempsey and Oppelt, 1993;Linak and Wendt, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volatility of Arsenic and Lead from Simulated Incinerator Slags

Overcamp¹,

Hoffman²,

Striebig³

et al. 1999

Environmental Engineering Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Experiments were conducted on arsenic and lead volatility from simulated slags containing either arsenic or lead. Samples were exposed to temperatures up to 900 C and atmospheres that were inert, oxidizing, reducing, or contained hydrogen chloride. Both arsenic and lead deposited within the system during the experiment, requiring a cleaning procedure to remove and capture the metal for measurement. Arsenic or lead volatility increased with increasing treatment time, temperature, and CO concentration. Lead volatility also increased with increasing HC1 concentration. The arsenic volatilized was two orders of magnitude less than lead for the same experimental conditions. The results show that under conditions similarly occurring in a hazardous waste incinerator, arsenic in a slag is relatively involatile, and only a small fraction of either arsenic or lead is volatilized.

show abstract