Dipeptide forms of glycine support mouse preimplantation embryo development in vitro and provide protection against high media osmolality

Moravek, Molly B.; Fisseha, Senait; Swain, Jason E.

doi:10.1007/s10815-011-9705-7

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 43 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The developing embryo is particularly susceptible to changes in intracellular pH (FitzHarris and Baltz 2009) and increased osmolarity (Dawson et al 1998;Hammer and Baltz 2003). The abundance (and temporal increase) of effective osmoregulators such as Gly (Dawson et al 1998;Moravek et al 2012), b-Ala (Dawson et al 1998;Hammer and Baltz 2003), Pro (Dawson et al 1998) and Tau (Menezo and Guerin 1997) in uterine flushings in the present study, coupled with the significant production of Gly by the embryo in vitro (Lee and Fukui 1996), suggests that these amino acids play an important role in osmotic regulation during the preimplantation period in the bovine. In addition, the organic osmoregulatory effects of Gly and b-Ala are additive during murine embryo development, indicating a common mode of action (Dawson et al 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Indeed, the addition of Gly to the culture medium enhances the development of porcine and bovine embryos in vitro (Moore and Bondioli 1993;Lee and Fukui 1996;Takahashi and Kanagawa 1998;Mito et al 2012). Although the mechanisms are not well defined, Gly may serve several functions during embryo and/or conceptus development, including acting as a precursor to protein or nucleic acid synthesis, regulation of intracellular pH and osmoregulation (Edwards et al 1998;Steeves et al 2003;Tartia et al 2009;Moravek et al 2012). The developing embryo is particularly susceptible to changes in intracellular pH (FitzHarris and Baltz 2009) and increased osmolarity (Dawson et al 1998;Hammer and Baltz 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of systemic progesterone during the early luteal phase on the availabilities of amino acids and glucose in the bovine uterine lumen

Mullen

Bazer

Parr

et al. 2014

Reprod. Fertil. Dev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. The uterine histotroph provides essential nutrition to the developing conceptus during the preimplantation period of pregnancy. The objective of the present study was to examine the effects of cycle stage and progesterone (P4) concentrations in the blood on the recoverable quantities of amino acids and glucose in the histotroph during the preimplantaion period of conceptus development. Following oestrus, dairy heifers were assigned to low, control or high P4 groups (n ¼ 6 heifers per treatment and time point). The uterine horn ipsilateral to the corpus luteum was flushed on either Day 7 or Day 13. The present study quantified 24 amino acids and glucose in the uterine flushings using HPLC and fluorometry, respectively. Heifers in the low P4 group had lower plasma concentrations of P4 throughout the cycle, whereas heifers in the high group had higher plasma concentrations of P4 between Days 3 and 7 compared with the control group (P , 0.05). Total recoverable neutral (Ser, Gln, Gly, Thr, Cit, b-Ala, Tau, Ala, Tyr, Trp, Met, Val, Phe, Ile, Leu, Pro and Cys), acidic (Glu) and basic (His, Arg, Orn and Lys) amino acids were greater (P , 0.05) on Day 13 than on Day 7. There was no significant difference in the amount of Asp or Asn between Day 7 and Day 13. The amount of amino acids recovered on Day 7 was similar across treatment groups. On Day 13, the amount of Asn, His and Thr was lower (P , 0.05) in the low P4 heifers compared with the controls and/or high P4 heifers. Quantities of glucose were not altered by cycle stage or P4 treatment. In conclusion, the stage of oestrous cycle and P4 play important roles in modulating amino acids in the histotroph, a potentially critical factor for early embryonic and/or conceptus survival.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of systemic progesterone during the early luteal phase on the availabilities of amino acids and glucose in the bovine uterine lumen

Mullen

Bazer

Parr

et al. 2014

Reprod. Fertil. Dev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Glycine was previously shown to benefit mouse embryo development by acting as an organic osmolyte (Van Winkle et al, ; Dawson et al, ; Steeves et al, ; Moravek et al, ). In porcine embryos, high and low osmolalities tended to yield blastocysts with more cells from the glycine‐supplemented media compared to control media; indeed, media at 275 mOsm with additional glycine was associated with a significant increase in the total embryonic cell number (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycine supplementation in vitro enhances porcine preimplantation embryo cell number and decreases apoptosis but does not lead to live births

Redel¹,

Spate²,

Lee³

et al. 2016

Mol. Reprod. Dev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYMost in vitro culture conditions are less‐than‐optimal for embryo development. Here, we used a transcriptional‐profiling database to identify culture‐induced differences in gene expression in porcine blastocysts compared to in vivo‐produced counterparts. Genes involved in glycine transport (SLC6A9), glycine metabolism (GLDC, GCSH, DLD, and AMT), and serine metabolism (PSAT1, PSPH, and PHGDH) were differentially expressed. Addition of 10 mM glycine to the culture medium (currently containing 0.1 mM) reduced the abundance of SLC6A9 transcript and increased total cell number, primarily in the trophectoderm lineage (P = 0.003); this was likely by decreasing the percentage of apoptotic nuclei. As serine and glycine can be reversibly metabolized by serine hydroxymethyltransferase 2 (SHMT2), we assessed the abundance of SHMT2 transcript as well as its functional role by inhibiting it with aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), a glycine analog, during in vitro culture. Both AMPA supplementation and elevated glycine decreased the mRNA abundance of SHMT2 and tumor protein p53 (TP53), which is activated in response to cellular stress, compared to controls (P ≤ 0.02). On the other hand, mitochondrial activity of blastocysts, mtDNA copy number, and abundance of mitochondria‐related transcripts did not differ between control and 10 mM glycine culture conditions. Despite improvements to these metrics of blastocyst quality, transfer of embryos cultured in 10 mM glycine did not result in pregnancy whereas the transfer of in vitro‐produced embryos cultured in control medium yielded live births. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 83: 246–258, 2016. © 2016 The Authors.

show abstract

“…235 In particular, the mammalian embryo's tolerance for variations in osmolality is dependent on the presence of amino acids and other osmolytes. 236 Osmolality is a key regulator of mammalian embryo development in vitro. High osmolality can reduce embryo size, increase apoptosis, activate stress response pathways, reduce cell division and completely block development.…”

Section: Oilmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The osmolality of commercial embryo culture media ranges between 240 and 295 mOsm/kg, 235 and this may be because optimal osmolality varies with media composition 235 . In particular, the mammalian embryo’s tolerance for variations in osmolality is dependent on the presence of amino acids and other osmolytes 236 …”

Section: Impact Of the Embryo Culture Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the IVF laboratory environment on human preimplantation embryo phenotype

Gardner

Kelley

2017

J Dev Orig Health Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The phenotype of the human embryo conceived through in vitro fertilization (IVF), that is its morphology, developmental kinetics, physiology and metabolism, can be affected by numerous components of the laboratory and embryo culture system (which comprise the laboratory environment). The culture media formulation is important in determining embryo phenotype, but this exists within a culture system that includes oxygen, temperature, pH and whether an embryo is cultured individually or in a group, all of which can influence embryo development. Significantly, exposure of an embryo to one suboptimal component of the culture system of laboratory typically predisposes the embryo to become more vulnerable to a second stressor, as has been well documented for atmospheric oxygen and individual culture, as well as for oxygen and ammonium. Furthermore, the inherent viability of the human embryo is derived from the quality of the gametes from which it is created. Patient age, aetiology, genetics, lifestyle (as well as ovarian stimulation in women) are all known to affect the developmental potential of gametes and hence the embryo. Thus, as well as considering the impact of the IVF laboratory environment, one needs to be aware of the status of the infertile couple, as this impacts how their gametes and embryos will respond to an in vitro environment. Although far from straight forward, analysing the interactions that exist between the human embryo and its environment will facilitate the creation of more effective and safer treatments for the infertile couple.

show abstract

Dipeptide forms of glycine support mouse preimplantation embryo development in vitro and provide protection against high media osmolality

Cited by 17 publications

References 43 publications

Effects of systemic progesterone during the early luteal phase on the availabilities of amino acids and glucose in the bovine uterine lumen

Effects of systemic progesterone during the early luteal phase on the availabilities of amino acids and glucose in the bovine uterine lumen

Glycine supplementation in vitro enhances porcine preimplantation embryo cell number and decreases apoptosis but does not lead to live births

Impact of the IVF laboratory environment on human preimplantation embryo phenotype

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About