Direct-acting Antiviral in the Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C: Bonuses and Challenges

Zeng, Haiyan; Li, Lei; Hou, Zhouhua; Zhang, Yapeng; Tang, Zhongxiang; Liu, Shuiping

doi:10.7150/ijms.43079

Cited by 42 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 96 publications

(119 reference statements)

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“…DAAs are highly efficient and relatively safe drugs in the therapy of HCV-infected patients [ 33 ]. One adverse effect is the rise of LDL-cholesterol.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemerin Is a Valuable Biomarker in Patients with HCV Infection and Correlates with Liver Injury

et al. 2020

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Hepatitis C virus (HCV)-induced inflammation contributes to progressive liver disease. The chemoattractant protein chemerin is associated with systemic inflammation. We hypothesized that chemerin is a biomarker that predicts the severity of liver disease in HCV patients. Furthermore, we investigated whether serum chemerin levels change during the course of HCV treatment using direct-acting antivirals (DAAs). Therefore, we measured serum concentration of chemerin in a cohort of 82 HCV-infected patients undergoing DAA treatment. Serum chemerin was positively associated with leukocyte count and negatively with markers of hepatic function and the model of end-stage liver disease (MELD) score. Low circulating chemerin levels significantly correlated with advanced liver fibrosis and cirrhosis as measured by the fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) score, the aminotransferase/platelet (AST/PLT) ratio index (APRI) score and the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) score. Chemerin did not correlate with viral load or viral genotype. Treatment with DAAs did not improve MELD score and leukocyte count within the observation period, up to three months after the end of DAA treatment. Accordingly, chemerin levels remained unchanged during the treatment period. We conclude that low circulating chemerin is a noninvasive biomarker for hepatic dysfunction and advanced liver fibrosis and cirrhosis in HCV infection.

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“…DAAs are highly efficient and relatively safe drugs in the therapy of HCV-infected patients [ 33 ]. One adverse effect is the rise of LDL-cholesterol.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemerin Is a Valuable Biomarker in Patients with HCV Infection and Correlates with Liver Injury

et al. 2020

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“…The host's immune system plays a crucial role in both eradication and progression of the infection. Only a small proportion of patients recover after HCV infection due to their strong immunity [26]. If the infection has not been completely eradicated by a strong initial immune response, persistent proinflammatory mechanisms and a weak or unspecific T cell response can lead to persistent liver inflammation, macrophage activation and pro-fibrinogenic processes [25].…”

Section: Hepatitis C (Hcv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If the infection has not been completely eradicated by a strong initial immune response, persistent proinflammatory mechanisms and a weak or unspecific T cell response can lead to persistent liver inflammation, macrophage activation and pro-fibrinogenic processes [25]. In addition, mechanisms such as defective antigen presentation, T cell degradation by the upregulation of T cell depletion markers and an increased activity of regulatory T cells can lead to inefficiency of the immune system and loss of antiviral function [22,26].…”

Section: Hepatitis C (Hcv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Translational Bridge between Inflammation and Hepatocarcinogenesis

Gufler

Seeboeck

Schatz

et al. 2022

Cells

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Viral infections or persistent alcohol or drug abuse, together with intrinsic factors, lead to hepatitis, which often ends in the development of liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). With this review, we describe inflammatory liver diseases, such as acute liver failure, virus-induced hepatitis, alcoholic- and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, and autoimmune hepatitis, and highlight their driving mechanisms. These include external factors such as alcohol misuse, viral infection and supernutrition, as well as intrinsic parameters such as genetic disposition and failure, in immune tolerance. Additionally, we describe what is known about the translational machinery within all these diseases. Distinct eukaryotic translation initiation factors (eIFs) with specific functional roles and aberrant expression in HCC are reported. Many alterations to the translational machinery are already triggered in the precancerous lesions described in this review, highlighting mTOR pathway proteins and eIFs to emphasize their putative clinical relevance. Here, we identified a lack of knowledge regarding the roles of single eIF proteins. A closer investigation will help to understand and treat HCC as well as the antecedent diseases.

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“…DAA treatment failure may be attributable to advanced liver disease, suboptimal therapy adherence, and the presence or generation of NS5A mutations[ 112 ]. The three HCV non-structural proteins have different RAV prevalence, which may be related to their distinct roles in the HCV life cycle that defines the resistance genetic barriers[ 115 ]. RAVs affecting each of the DAA classes have different properties and occur most commonly in the NS5A region, less commonly in the NS3 region, and uncommonly in the NS5B region.…”

Section: Hcvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral hepatitis update: Progress and perspectives

Pisano¹,

Giadans²,

Flichman³

et al. 2021

WJG

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Viral hepatitis, secondary to infection with hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E viruses, are a major public health problem and an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Despite the huge medical advances achieved in recent years, there are still points of conflict concerning the pathogenesis, immune response, development of new and more effective vaccines, therapies, and treatment. This review focuses on the most important research topics that deal with issues that are currently being solved, those that remain to be solved, and future research directions. For hepatitis A virus we will address epidemiology, molecular surveillance, new susceptible populations as well as environmental and food detections. In the case of hepatitis B virus, we will discuss host factors related to disease, diagnosis, therapy, and vaccine improvement. On hepatitis C virus, we will focus on pathogenesis, immune response, direct action antivirals treatment in the context of solid organ transplantation, issues related to hepatocellular carcinoma development, direct action antivirals resistance due to selection of resistance-associated variants, and vaccination. Regarding hepatitis D virus, we describe diagnostic methodology, pathogenesis, and therapy. Finally, for hepatitis E virus, we will address epidemiology (including new emerging species), diagnosis, clinical aspects, treatment, the development of a vaccine, and environmental surveillance.

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Direct-acting Antiviral in the Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C: Bonuses and Challenges

Cited by 42 publications

References 96 publications

Chemerin Is a Valuable Biomarker in Patients with HCV Infection and Correlates with Liver Injury

Chemerin Is a Valuable Biomarker in Patients with HCV Infection and Correlates with Liver Injury

The Translational Bridge between Inflammation and Hepatocarcinogenesis

Viral hepatitis update: Progress and perspectives

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